摘要：

纳米零价铁（nZVI）是一种广受关注的环境修复材料，其兼具纳米材料的反应活性和零价铁的还原特性，扩展了铁基材料在场地修复和污染物去除中的应用范围，尽管纳米级的零价铁会带来更优异的使用效果，但更加复杂的制备过程也导致了更多的环境足迹和生产成本，制备方式正逐渐成为限制nZVI发展的关键。介绍了nZVI的发展历程，综述了制备方式的研究进展，从可持续发展的角度梳理了nZVI的主要制备方法，在总结优势特点的同时分析了制备过程可能造成的环境影响。以此为基础，研究了对nZVI典型制备方法的可持续性评估，定量分析了潜在的不可持续因素，着重说明了制备过程对电力能源的依赖。根据已有研究成果，对液相激光烧蚀等有潜力大规模制备nZVI的生产方式进行了展望，并进一步阐述了合理选择制备方式的重要性，强调了可持续性评估在nZVI未来发展中不可或缺的地位，希望能对研究者和决策者在选择和改良nZVI制备方法时提供参考。

关键词: 纳米零价铁, 可持续性, 纳米材料, 环境修复

Abstract:

Nanoscale zero-valent iron（nZVI） is a kind of widely-concerned environmental remediation material，which expands the application scope of iron-based materials in site remediation and pollutant removal because it has both the reactive activity of nanoscale materials and the reductive property of zero-valent iron. Although nZVI is more effective，the more complex preparation process leads to increased environmental footprint and production costs，the preparation method of nZVI is becoming a key constraint to its development. The paper introduced the development of nZVI and carded the various preparation methods and characteristics of nZVI from the perspective of sustainable development. Furthermore，this paper examined the potential environmental consequences resulting from the preparation process of nZVI. On this basis，the sustainability of typical nZVI preparation was assessed，and potential unsustainable factors were quantified，highlighting the dependence of the preparation process on electrical energy sources. Based on the existing researching，the large-scale and potential methods of preparation of nZVI were prospected，such as laser ablation. Moreover，it illustrated the importance of choosing reasonable preparation method，emphasizing the indispensable position of the sustainability assessment of nZVI in the future development. It is hoped to provide a reference for researchers and policy makers in the selection and improvement of nZVI preparation methods.

Key words: nano zero-valent iron, sustainability, nanomaterials, environmental remediation

中图分类号: 

• X703