工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 20-28. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0521

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

焦化废水深度处理工艺反渗透膜污染机制的研究进展

李伊琳1(), 朱颖1(), 张瑞刚2, 王海亮2, 邵永巨2, 李宜庭1, 刘建国1, 魏敬铤3   

  1. 1. 内蒙古工业大学资源与环境工程学院,环境污染控制与修复内蒙古自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
    2. 内蒙古绰勒水利水电有限责任公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
    3. 内蒙古自治区环境科学学会,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-05 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 朱颖
  • 作者简介:

    李伊琳(1998— ),硕士研究生,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFHH0061); 内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZZ23079); 内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20220163); 内蒙古工业大学科学研究项目(ZY202115)

Research progress on fouling mechanism of reverse osmosis membrane in advanced treatment of coking wastewater

Yilin LI1(), Ying ZHU1(), Ruigang ZHANG2, Hailiang WANG2, Yongju SHAO2, Yiting LI1, Jianguo LIU1, Jingting WEI3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
    2. Inner Mongolia Chaole Water Conservancy and Hydropower Coporation Limited, Hohhot 010010, China
    3. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Environmental Science Society, Hohhot 010051, China
  • Received:2024-11-05 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-22
  • Contact: Ying ZHU

摘要:

炼焦工艺产生的废水具有水量较大、成分复杂、盐与难降解有机物含量高、可生化性差、可利用难度大等特点。为实现“近零排放”,焦化废水深度处理使用反渗透工艺,以提升排水水质,达到循环利用标准。但膜污染问题导致反渗透膜通量降低、膜元件受损,运营与维护费用较高,进而影响反渗透膜的应用率。梳理了焦化废水水质特点与深度处理工艺特点,分别阐述了以钙盐、铁盐、硅酸盐和铝盐为主的无机污染,以多糖、腐殖酸、蛋白质为主的有机污染以及生物污染的类型及影响因素,并梳理了无机-有机复合污染的形成过程,揭示了无机盐垢沉积及絮凝、有机物团聚、生物膜形成等机制,分析了复合污染中阳离子静电屏蔽效应、钙镁离子促进作用及其浓度比影响、硅及二氧化硅对有机污染的作用等。基于污染类型与机制,提出了焦化废水处理中反渗透膜污染的有效缓解措施,以期为相关行业提供理论指导。

关键词: 焦化废水, 反渗透, 无机污染, 有机污染, 生物污染

Abstract:

The wastewater produced by coking process has the characteristics of large amount, complex composition, high content of salt and refractory organic matter, poor biodegradability and difficult utilization. In order to achieve “near zero discharge”, reverse osmosis technology is used for advanced treatment of coking wastewater to improve the quality of drainage and meet the standards of recycling. However, the problem of membrane fouling leads to the decrease of reverse osmosis membrane flux and the damage of membrane components, which makes the operation and maintenance cost of reverse osmosis process higher, and then affects the application rate of reverse osmosis membrane. In this paper, the characteristics of water quality and advanced treatment process of coking wastewater were reviewed. The types and influencing factors of inorganic pollution mainly composed of calcium salt, iron salt, silicate and aluminum salt, organic pollution mainly composed of polysaccharide, humic acid and protein, and biological pollution were expounded respectively. The formation process of inorganic-organic composite pollution was also combed. The mechanisms of inorganic salt deposition and flocculation, organic matter agglomeration, and biofilm formation were revealed. The effects of cation electrostatic shielding, calcium and magnesium ion promotion and their concentration ratio, as well as the effect of silicon and silicon dioxide on organic pollution were analyzed. Based on the types and mechanisms of pollution, effective mitigation measures for reverse osmosis membrane pollution in coking wastewater treatment were proposed, in order to provide theoretical guidance for related industries.

Key words: coking wastewater, reverse osmosis, inorganic pollution, organic pollution, biological pollution

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