摘要：

针对新兴电子行业的高水质需求，电子级高品质再生水厂需要通过较复杂的处理工艺提供稳定品质的水源，以满足电子行业生产厂区产品生产、清洁、冷却等用水需求，其碳减排潜力尚未评估。以华北地区某电子级高品质再生水厂为研究对象，结合《IPCC 2006年国家温室气体清单指南》（2019修订版）的碳排放核算方法，采用定量统计和敏感性分析等手段，对水厂碳排放特征及其影响因素进行分析，并提出针对性的减排路径建议。结果表明，电子级高品质再生水厂的总碳（以CO₂计）排放强度为1.36 kg/m³，处于相对较高水平，其中电力消耗和药剂消耗的碳排放分别占94.6%和5.4%。在电力消耗中，反渗透工艺和供暖系统的碳排放贡献率分别达到50.9%和17.1%。次氯酸钠是药剂消耗碳排放的主要贡献者，占73.8%。敏感性分析结果显示，电力消耗引起的间接碳排放与总碳排放高度相关，且敏感性系数最高。因此，电子级高品质再生水厂需要在工艺结构、流程和过程管理方面强化减排措施，通过采用预处理工艺、优化超滤与反渗透系统、使用高抗污性能膜材料以及智能温控和人工智能管理系统等措施显著降低能耗和药剂消耗。同时，采用光伏替碳等策略有望实现部分能源自给，进一步推动减排工作。

关键词: 电子级高品质再生水厂, 碳减排, 电耗, 反渗透, 药耗

Abstract:

In response to the high water quality demands of the emerging electronics industry, electronic-grade high-quality reclaimed water plants require complex treatment processes to provide a stable water source that meets the needs for production, cleaning, and cooling in manufacturing facilities. However, the carbon emission reduction potential of these plants has not yet been evaluated. This study focused on an electronic-grade high-quality reclaimed water plant in North China, with utilizing the carbon emission accounting methods outlined in the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories(2019 Revision). Through quantitative statistics and sensitivity analysis, the characteristics of carbon emissions and the influencing factors under normal operations were analyzed, and targeted emission reduction pathways were proposed. The results indicated that the total carbon(calculated by CO₂) emission intensity of the electronic-grade high-quality reclaimed water plant was 1.36 kg/m³, which was relatively high compared to similar facilities. Electricity consumption and chemical consumption accounted for 94.6% and 5.4% of the total carbon emission of the whole water plant. For electricity consumption, the reverse osmosis process and heating system contributed 50.9% and 17.1% of carbon emissions, respectively. Sodium hypochlorite was the primary contributor to carbon emissions from chemical consumption, accounting for 73.8%. Sensitivity analysis revealed that indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption were highly correlated with total carbon emissions and were more sensitive. Therefore, electronic-grade high-quality recycled water plants needed to strengthen emission reduction measures in terms of process structure, flow and process management, including of adopting pretreatment processes, optimizing ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis systems, using high anti fouling membrane materials, and implementing intelligent temperature control and artificial intelligence management systems to significantly reduce energy and chemical consumption. Meanwhile, adopting strategies such as replacing carbon with photovoltaics was expected to achieve partial energy self-sufficiency and further promote emission reduction work.

Key words: electronic-grade high-quality reclaimed water plant, carbon emission reduction, electricity consumption, reverse osmosis, chemical consumption

中图分类号: 

• X22