工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 19-28. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0868

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

影响电容去离子吸附性能的因素分析及研究进展

陈俊杰1(), 潘华坤1, 滕新喜1, 梁英2, 范扬1(), 宋海欧3(), 张树鹏1()   

  1. 1. 南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏 南京 210094
    2. 南京华创环境技术研究院有限公司,江苏 南京 210023
    3. 南京师范大学环境学院,江苏 南京 210097
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 范扬, 宋海欧, 张树鹏
  • 作者简介:

    陈俊杰(2000— ),硕士研究生,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省重点研发社会发展项目(BE2023820); 江苏省重点研发社会发展项目(BE2021720); 江苏省“青蓝工程”; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(30925010506); 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室开放基金项目(PCRRF19032); 江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_0154)

Analysis and research progress on the factors influencing the adsorption performance of capacitive deionization

Junjie CHEN1(), Huakun PAN1, Xinxi TENG1, Ying LIANG2, Yang FAN1(), Hai’ou SONG3(), Shupeng ZHANG1()   

  1. 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
    2. Nanjing Huachuang Institute of Environmental Technology Co. , Ltd. , Nanjing 210023, China
    3. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
  • Received:2025-02-24 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Yang FAN, Hai’ou SONG, Shupeng ZHANG

摘要:

电容去离子(CDI)技术因具有低能耗和环境友好等优势,在应对日益严峻的淡水资源短缺问题中展现出巨大潜力。近年来,CDI技术发展迅速,其应用已从最初简单的Na⁺吸附拓展至复杂溶液体系中的选择性离子分离。总结了近年来在提升CDI性能和构建选择性吸附能力方面取得的研究进展。CDI技术的脱盐性能主要受溶液环境条件和电极材料特性两大因素的影响。溶液中离子的电荷数、水合半径和价态等固有属性直接影响其在电场作用下的迁移和吸附行为。同时,电极材料的孔径分布和表面化学性质是调控离子选择性的关键要素,微孔结构能增强离子筛分效应,而特定的表面官能团则可通过静电作用或配位机制实现对目标离子的选择性吸附。然而,CDI性能往往受多种因素的协同影响,单一变量的控制难以获得具有特定吸附效果的理想材料。因此,如何权衡各因素之间的相互作用关系,并制备具备定向吸附能力的电极材料,是未来CDI电极材料优化的重要趋势。

关键词: 电容去离子, 电吸附性能, 影响因素, 选择性

Abstract:

Capacitive deionization(CDI) has emerged as a promising approach to address the escalating global freshwater scarcity due to its low energy consumption and environmentally benign nature. In recent years, CDI technology has experienced rapid advancements, expanding its application from simple Na⁺ adsorption to the selective separation of ions in complex solution systems. Recent progresses in enhancing CDI performance and engineering selective ion adsorption capabilities were summarized. The desalination performance of CDI technology was primarily governed by two key factors: solution environmental conditions and properties of electrode materials. The intrinsic properties of ions in solution, such as charge number, hydrated radius, and valence, directly affected their migration and adsorption behavior under the influence of an electric field. Concurrently, the pore size distribution and surface chemistry of the electrode materials were critical factors in regulating ion selectivity. Microporous structures could enhance ion sieving effects, while specific surface functional groups could achieve selective adsorption of target ions through electrostatic interactions or coordination mechanisms. However, CDI performance was often influenced by the synergistic effects of multiple factors, and controlling a single variable rarely yielded ideal materials with specific adsorption characteristics. Therefore, balancing the interplay between these factors and fabricating electrode materials with tailored adsorption capabilities would be a crucial trend in the future optimization of CDI electrode materials.

Key words: capacitive deionization, electroadsorption performance, influence factor, selectivity

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