工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 19-29. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0030

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于界面聚合技术的抗污染纳滤膜研究进展

陈若桐1(), 丁晓倩1, 李琨1(), 张振波2, 王佳璇1, 韩洪军3, 戴雪峰4, 乔胤1, 赵珍颖1   

  1. 1. 西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西 西安 710054
    2. 陕西省交通环境监测中心站有限 公司,陕西 西安 710065
    3. 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040
    4. 中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 李琨
  • 作者简介:

    陈若桐(2000— ),硕士,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-0603); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBMS-432); 陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20230456)

Research progress on anti-fouling nanofiltration membranes based on interfacial polymerization technology

Ruotong CHEN1(), Xiaoqian DING1, Kun LI1(), Zhenbo ZHANG2, Jiaxuan WANG1, Hongjun HAN3, Xuefeng DAI4, Yin QIAO1, Zhenying ZHAO1   

  1. 1. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
    2. Shaanxi Provincial Traffic Environmental Monitoring Center Station Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710065, China
    3. School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150040, China
    4. China Municipal Engineering Northwest Design and Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Kun LI

摘要:

纳滤膜因操作压力低及选择分离性强等优点而被广泛应用于污水处理、饮用水处理、海水淡化、盐湖提锂、工业废水零排放等领域,但膜污染制约了纳滤膜在实际生产中的长周期稳定运行。因此,提高纳滤膜的抗污染性是保证纳滤膜广泛应用的关键。首先基于纳滤膜的主要制备技术——界面聚合技术,综述了通过调控界面聚合过程及开发新型界面聚合技术制备高性能纳滤膜的研究现状。其次简述了纳滤膜在各领域中的应用及膜污染问题。然后,针对纳滤膜污染的问题,从开发新型单体材料、筛选改性材料(包括纳米材料和高分子材料等)、后处理改性技术方面,综述了抗污染纳滤膜制备的研究进展。最后,总结了抗污染纳滤膜在应用过程中面临的问题,并指出今后抗污染纳滤膜的发展方向。

关键词: 界面聚合, 纳滤膜, 抗污染, 膜制备, 膜改性

Abstract:

Nanofiltration membranes are widely used in water treatment, drinking water treatment, seawater desalination, lithium extraction from salt lakes, zero discharge of industrial wastewater and other fields due to their advantages of low operating pressure and strong selective separation, while membrane pollution restricts the long-term stable operation of nanofiltration membranes in actual production. Therefore, improving the anti-fouling properties of nanofiltration membranes is crucial for ensuring the application of nanofiltration membranes. Firstly, starting from the primary preparation technology of nanofiltration membranes, interfacial polymerization technology, the research status of nanofiltration membranes with excellent performance was introduced in detail through the regulation of interfacial polymerization process and the development of new interfacial polymerization technologies. Secondly, the application of nanofiltration membranes in various fields and membrane fouling issues were briefly described. Then, the research progress of anti-fouling nanofiltration membrane preparation was reviewed from the aspects of developing new monomer materials, selecting modification materials (including nanomaterials and polymer materials), and post-treatment modification technology. Finally, the problems faced by anti-fouling nanofiltration membranes in the application process were summarized, and the future development direction of anti-fouling nanofiltration membranes was pointed out.

Key words: interfacial polymerization, nanofiltration membrane, anti-fouling, membrane preparation, membrane modification

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