含聚污水非离子破乳剂的制备与性能研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0120

工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 11-17. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0120

• 石油石化行业废水处理专题 • 上一篇下一篇

含聚污水非离子破乳剂的制备与性能研究

王庆吉¹^,²^,³(), 杨雪莹²^,³, 张泽俊²^,³, 裴茂辰¹^,²^,³, 王庆宏¹^,², 史权¹^,², 陈春茂¹^,²()

^1. 中国石油大学（北京）化学工程与环境学院，北京 102249
^2. 石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室，北京 102206
^3. 中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司，北京 102206

收稿日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-19
通讯作者: 陈春茂
作者简介:
王庆吉（1982— ），博士，正高级工程师，E-mail：wangqingji@petrochina.com.cn。
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司基础性前瞻性科技专项(2023ZZ1305)

Preparation and effect research of non-ionic demulsifiers for polymer-containing wastewater

Qingji WANG¹^,²^,³(), Xueying YANG²^,³, Zejun ZHANG²^,³, Maochen PEI¹^,²^,³, Qinghong WANG¹^,², Quan SHI¹^,², Chunmao CHEN¹^,²()

^1. College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
^2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China
^3. CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2025-04-07 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-19
Contact: Chunmao CHEN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对含聚污水体系稳定性机制及破乳瓶颈，提出基于超支化非离子型聚酰胺-胺（h-PAMAM）的破乳策略，旨在实现油水高效分离与污泥源头减量双重目标。采用“一锅法”，以乙二胺（EDA）作为引发剂，合成h-PAMAM-E破乳剂，同时以四乙烯五胺（TEPA）作为引发剂，调控其单体比例合成系列h-PAMAM-T破乳剂，考察各破乳剂的应用性能，分析其结构对性能的影响。结果表明，以TEPA为引发剂制备的h-PAMAM-T系列破乳剂中，h-PAMAM-T1具有三维球形超支化结构及更丰富的表面氨基，而与EDA引发制备的h-PAMAM-E相比，其分子半径又显著增大，因此具备最优的破乳性能，在其投加量200 mg/L时，对含聚乳液（500 mg/L HPAM）的除油率达91.6%。此外，其非离子特性避免了电中和作用引发的大量含聚污泥的生成问题，与传统聚合氯化铝（PAC）处理相对比，h-PAMAM-T1处理含聚乳液后污泥湿重仅17.84 g/L，较PAC处理后的污泥产量大幅降低。

关键词: 含聚污水, 含聚污泥, 非离子破乳, 产泥抑制

Abstract:

A demulsification strategy based on hyperbranched non-ionic polyamide amine(h-PAMAM) was proposed to address the stability mechanism and demulsification bottleneck of polymer-containing wastewater systems, aiming to achieve dual goals of efficient oil-water separation and sludge reduction at source. By “one pot method”, h-PAMAM-E demulsifier was synthesized with ethylenediamine(EDA) as the initiator, and a series of h-PAMAM-T demulsifiers were synthesized by adjusting the monomer ratio with tetraethylenepentamine(TEPA) as initiator. The application performance of each demulsifier was investigated, and the influence of its structure on performance was analyzed. The results showed that among h-PAMAM-T series demulsifiers prepared with TEPA as initiator, h-PAMAM-T1 had three-dimensional spherical hyperbranched structure and more abundant surface amino groups. Compared with h-PAMAM-E initiated by EDA, h-PAMAM-T1 demulsifier had significantly increased molecular radius with the best demulsification performance. When the dosage of h-PAMAM-T1 was 200 mg/L, the oil removal rate of polymer emulsions (500 mg/L HPAM) reached 91.6%. In addition, its non-ionic characteristics avoided the generation of a large amount of sludge containing polymers caused by electric neutralization. Compared with the traditional polyaluminum chloride(PAC), the wet weight of sludge from polymer-containing emulsion after treatment by h-PAMAM-T1 was only 17.84 g/L, which was significantly lower than the sludge with PAC treatment.

Key words: polymer-containing sewage, polymer-containing sludge, non-ionic demulsification, sludge production inhibition

中图分类号:

X741

王庆吉, 杨雪莹, 张泽俊, 裴茂辰, 王庆宏, 史权, 陈春茂. 含聚污水非离子破乳剂的制备与性能研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(6): 11-17.

Qingji WANG, Xueying YANG, Zejun ZHANG, Maochen PEI, Qinghong WANG, Quan SHI, Chunmao CHEN. Preparation and effect research of non-ionic demulsifiers for polymer-containing wastewater[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(6): 11-17.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I6/11

图/表 7

图1 h-PAMAM-E的合成路线

Fig.1 The synthetic route of h-PAMAM-E

图2 h-PAMAM-T的合成路线

Fig.2 The synthetic route of h-PAMAM-T

图3 h-PAMAM的红外光谱

Fig.3 FTIR spectra of h-PAMAM

图4 h-PAMAM的的核磁氢谱

Fig.4 ¹H NMR spectra of h-PAMAM

图5 h-PAMAM-T的破乳性能

Fig.5 The demulsification performance of h-PAMAM-T

图6 h-PAMAM-E和h-PAMAM-T1的破乳性能

Fig.6 The demulsification performances of h-PAMAM-E and h-PAMAM-T1

表1 h-PAMAM-T1和PAC处理后产泥情况对比

Table 1 Comparison of sludge production after treatment with h-PAMAM-T1 and PAC

处理药剂	产泥量/g	污泥干重/g	污泥含水率/%
h-PAMAM-T1	0.892 2	0.257 5	71
PAC	4.505 9	0.270 4	94

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