基于荧光预测污水中痕量有机污染物衰减研究进展

doi:10.11894/iwt.2021-0401

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

暴露在水环境中的痕量有机污染物（Trace organic contaminants，TrOCs）已经威胁到人类健康。TrOCs排放至水环境的主要源头是污水处理厂，其在污水处理厂可通过二级处理工艺和深度处理工艺去除。但由于TrOCs种类繁多、浓度低，监测难度较高，加之人们为了便于对工艺进行可行性评价、比较以及改进等又提出了频繁监测的需求，因此，实时监测TrOCs在处理过程中的衰减具有挑战性。现已有研究提出了采用替代指标指示TrOCs的衰减，其中基于三维荧光光谱（Excitation emission matrix，EEM）开发的荧光参数是预测TrOCs衰减的合适替代指标。综述了三种EEM的主要分析方法，包括峰值法、荧光区域积分和平行因子分析以及各方法涉及到的相关荧光参数。在此基础上，详细介绍和比较了基于EEM构建的预测TrOCs衰减的线性回归模型和非线性回归模型及其构建过程，最后对预测模型在各种污水处理场景中的应用进行了回顾。本综述可为选择和开发预测TrOCs衰减的荧光参数和模型提供参考。

关键词: 三维荧光光谱, 痕量有机污染物, 污水处理, 模型, 荧光参数

Abstract:

Trace organic contaminants(TrOCs) exposed to water environment have resulted in a threat to human health. Wastewater treatment plant is the main source of the discharge of TrOCs into the water environment. Secondary treatment and advanced treatment processes are the main wastewater treatment processes to remove TrOCs in wastewater treatment plants. However, due to the wide varieties and low concentrations, it's difficult to monitor TrOCs. At the same time, frequent monitoring is required in order to facilitate feasibility the evaluation, comparison and improvement of the process. Therefore, it's quite challenging to monitor the removal efficiency of TrOCs in wastewater treatment processes in real-time. Now some studies have proposed to use alternative indicators to indicate the attenuation of TrOCs. The fluorescence parameters developed based on excitation emission matrix(EEM) may be suitable surrogates for predicting the attenuation of TrOCs. Three predominant EEM analysis methods, including peak picking, fluorescence regional integration and parallel factor analysis, and related fluorescence parameters were summarized. On this basis, the linear regression models and nonlinear regression models for predicting the attenuation of TrOCs based on EEM and their construction processes were introduced and compared in detail. Finally, the application of the predictive models in wastewater treatment processes was reviewed. The present review can provide a reference for the selection and development of fluorescence parameters and models to predict the attenuation of TrOCs.

Key words: EEM, TrOCs, wastewater treatment, models, fluorescence parameters

中图分类号:

X703

雷少庭,耿金菊,吴刚,于清淼,许柯,张徐祥,任洪强. 基于荧光预测污水中痕量有机污染物衰减研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2021, 41(6): 35-47.

Shaoting Lei,Jinju Geng,Gang Wu,Qingmiao Yu,Ke Xu,Xuxiang Zhang,Hongqiang Ren. Predicting the attenuation of trace organic contaminants in wastewater based on fluorescence[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2021, 41(6): 35-47.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I6/35

图/表 2

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分析方法	荧光参数	参考文献
峰值法	峰值I1（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 225/290）峰值I5（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 345/440）	〔24〕
	峰值T1（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 270/430）峰值T2（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 330/420）	〔25〕
	类腐殖质荧光峰 λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（275~285）/（415~490）	〔26〕
FRI	TF	〔21, 27〕
FRI	Ф_n₁、Ф_n₂、Ф_n₃、Ф_n₄、Ф_n₅	〔21〕
PARAFAC	C1〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（<250，350）/440〕	〔19〕
	C2〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（<250，315）/400〕
	C3〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（<250，385）/475〕
	C4（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}= 280/350）
	C1〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（245，350）/450〕	〔21〕
	C3〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（< 240，315）/380〕	〔21〕
	C4〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（250，350）/440〕	〔24〕
	C5（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}= 220/285）	〔24〕

分析方法	荧光参数	参考文献
峰值法	峰值I1（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 225/290）峰值I5（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 345/440）	〔24〕
	峰值T1（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 270/430）峰值T2（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} = 330/420）	〔25〕
	类腐殖质荧光峰 λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（275~285）/（415~490）	〔26〕
FRI	TF	〔21, 27〕
FRI	Ф_n₁、Ф_n₂、Ф_n₃、Ф_n₄、Ф_n₅	〔21〕
PARAFAC	C1〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（<250，350）/440〕	〔19〕
	C2〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m} =（<250，315）/400〕
	C3〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（<250，385）/475〕
	C4（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}= 280/350）
	C1〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（245，350）/450〕	〔21〕
	C3〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（< 240，315）/380〕	〔21〕
	C4〔λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}=（250，350）/440〕	〔24〕
	C5（λ_{e_x}/λ_{e_m}= 220/285）	〔24〕

模型种类	EEM分析方法	应用场景	参考文献
一元线性回归模型	PARAFAC、峰值法	自然水体	〔24〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	污水处理厂	〔21〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	AOPs	〔11-12, 19, 26-27, 44〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	AC吸附工艺	〔10, 50, 60〕
分段线性回归模型	PARAFAC	AOPs	〔11, 41〕
幂函数模型	FRI	AC吸附工艺	〔42〕
动力学模型	PARAFAC	自然水体	〔43〕
动力学模型	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	高级氧化工艺	〔11, 13, 20, 61〕

模型种类	EEM分析方法	应用场景	参考文献
一元线性回归模型	PARAFAC、峰值法	自然水体	〔24〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	污水处理厂	〔21〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	AOPs	〔11-12, 19, 26-27, 44〕
	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	AC吸附工艺	〔10, 50, 60〕
分段线性回归模型	PARAFAC	AOPs	〔11, 41〕
幂函数模型	FRI	AC吸附工艺	〔42〕
动力学模型	PARAFAC	自然水体	〔43〕
动力学模型	FRI、PARAFAC、峰值法	高级氧化工艺	〔11, 13, 20, 61〕

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