摘要：

老龄生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液具有可生化性差、氨氮高以及C/N失调等特点，采用传统生化脱氮工艺需投加大量碳源，处理成本高且整体碳排放量大。为降低脱氮运行成本，实现减污降碳目标，以某老龄填埋场的渗滤液处理项目为例，采用精馏脱氮组合技术取代传统A/O+MBR工艺作为主要脱氮单元，同时通过沼气锅炉燃烧沼气产生蒸汽的方式为精馏脱氮单元提供热源，实现填埋气资源循环利用。基于IPCC排放因子法，以传统脱氮工艺碳排放量为基准线，对两种不同脱氮工艺碳排放特征进行分析。结果表明：A/O+MBR脱氮工艺以N₂O和CO₂的直接碳排放为主，占碳排放总量的70.1%；采用新型精馏脱氮组合工艺，氨氮去除率达到95%以上，最终出水总氮可稳定达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》（GB 16889—2008）表2标准，碳排放以能耗类碳排放为主，N₂O碳排放量减少95.7%；另外，通过精馏脱氮方法可实现渗滤液中污染物氨氮资源化，生产碳酸氢铵固定二氧化碳。新脱氮工艺的碳排放总量相比传统生化脱氮工艺减少95.3%，碳减排效益显著。

关键词: 垃圾渗滤液, 精馏脱氮, 生物脱氮, 碳排放, 碳减排

Abstract:

Due to the poor biodegradability，high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and C/N imbalance of the aged landfill leachate，large amounts of carbon sources need to be added to the traditional biochemical unit，resulting in high treatment cost and large carbon emissions. Taking the leachate treatment project of an aged landfill as an example，the distillation denitrification was adopted to treat aged landfill leachate in the replacement of A/O+MBR process in order to reduce the operating costs of nitrogen removal and achieve the goal of reducing pollution and reducing carbon emissions. Meanwhile，the landfill CH₄ was recycled and the steam generated by biogas fueled boiler was provided to the distillation denitrification. The carbon emission characteristics of both denitrification processes were analyzed by IPCC emission factor method on the basis of original denitrification process.The results showed that the direct carbon emissions of N₂O and CO₂ dominated in the A/O+MBR denitrification process，accounting for about 70.1% of total carbon emissions. In the novel distillation denitrification，the ammonia removal rate could reach above 95%，the final effluent could reach the standard in Table 2 of Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste （GB 16889—2008）. In the novel distillation denitrification，the energy consumption carbon emission dominated and the N₂O emission was reduced by 95.7% compared with the original process. Moreover，the byproduct of ammonium bicarbonate was obtained through the utilization of ammonia nitrogen in the landfill leachate combined with the fixation of CO₂. The maximum reduction of the total carbon emissions for the novel denitrification process could reach 95.3%，thus contributed greatly to the carbon emissions reduction.

Key words: landfill leachate, distillation denitrification, biological denitrification, carbon emission, carbon emission reduction

中图分类号: 

• TQ09

• X703