电化学高级氧化技术再生活性炭研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0368

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统电化学技术再生吸附饱和活性炭具有再生效率高、活性炭无质量损失的优点，但其存在着矿化效率低、生成毒理性副产物、能耗高等缺陷。电化学高级氧化（E-AOP）再生技术能有效克服传统电化学再生存在的问题。简述了传统电化学再生活性炭再生效能及机理，分析了操作参数（电流、电解质种类及浓度、再生位置、阳极材料等）对解吸-吸附平衡和污染物矿化效能的影响。总结了3类E-AOP再生技术（电Fenton再生技术、电活化臭氧再生技术、电活化过硫酸盐再生技术）在活性炭再生过程中的作用机制与应用。电Fenton再生技术再生效果较优，通过新型方式再生可有效克服体系内金属离子污染的问题；电活化臭氧活性炭再生技术无需添加任何化学品及催化剂，有利于控制反应条件及实现再生过程自动化；电活化过硫酸盐再生活性炭技术操作便捷、能耗较低，具有广泛的适用性。最后，提出了E-AOP再生技术存在的问题及发展前景，以期为开发一种新型高效环保的活性炭再生技术提供理论依据。

关键词: 活性炭, 电化学再生, 高级氧化, 再生机理

Abstract:

Regeneration of adsorption saturated activated carbon by traditional electrochemical technology has the advantages of high regeneration efficiency and no mass loss of activated carbon, but it has defects such as low mineralization efficiency, generation of toxic by-products, and high energy consumption. Electrochemical advanced oxidation(E-AOP) regeneration technology can effectively overcome the problems of traditional electrochemical regeneration. In this paper, the regeneration efficiency and mechanism of activated carbon by traditional electrochemical are briefly described, and the effects of operating parameters (current, electrolyte type and concentration, regeneration location,anode material, etc.) on the desorption-adsorption balance and the mineralization efficiency of pollutants are analyzed. The mechanism and application of three types of E-AOP regeneration technologies(electro-Fenton regeneration, electro-peroxone regeneration, and electro-persulfate regeneration) in the process of activated carbon regeneration are summarized. The electric-Fenton regeneration technology has better regeneration effect, and the problem of metal ion pollution in the system can be effectively overcome by new regeneration. The electro-peroxone regeneration technology does not require the addition of any chemicals and catalysts, which is conducive to the control of reaction conditions and automation of the regeneration process. The electro-persulfate regeneration technology is convenient in operation with low energy consumption and wide applicability. Finally, the problems and development prospects of E-AOP regeneration technology are proposed. This review provides theoretical basis for the development of new efficient and environmentally friendly activated carbon regeneration technologies.

Key words: activated carbon, electrochemical regeneration, advanced oxidation, regeneration mechanism

中图分类号:

X703

刘臻, 刘浪, 郑鹏, 刘荣, 袁绍春, 李聪, 陈垚. 电化学高级氧化技术再生活性炭研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(5): 42-51.

Zhen LIU, Lang LIU, Peng ZHENG, Rong LIU, Shaochun YUAN, Cong LI, Yao CHEN. Research progress of regenerated activated carbon in electrochemical advanced oxidation process[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(5): 42-51.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/42

图/表 4

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污染物	再生位置	电解质	电解质质量浓度/（g·L^-1）	电流/mA	溶液pH	再生时间/h	再生效率/%	阳极材料	参考文献
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	0.1	50.0		5.0	85.0	铂	〔10〕
苯酚	阴极	NaOH	—	1 000.0	—	3.0	80.0	钛镀铂	〔12〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	11.7	50.0	6.5	2.5	62.0	铂	〔13〕
苯酚	溶液	NaCl	1.0	50.0		5.0	85.2	铂	〔14〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	11.7	50.0		5.0	74.0		〔15〕
2，4-二硝基甲苯	阳极	NaCl	15.0	120.0	5.0	2.0	102.6	石墨	〔16〕
硝基苯酚	溶液	NaCl	5.0	60.0	3.0	1.5	90.0	改性铅	〔17〕
苯酚	溶液	Na₂SO₄	1.0	2 000.0		2.0	94.0		〔18〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	0.2	120.0		8.0	95.0	钛镀铂	〔19〕
亚甲基蓝	溶液	NaCl	1.0	90.0		24.0	76.0		〔20〕

污染物	再生位置	电解质	电解质质量浓度/（g·L^-1）	电流/mA	溶液pH	再生时间/h	再生效率/%	阳极材料	参考文献
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	0.1	50.0		5.0	85.0	铂	〔10〕
苯酚	阴极	NaOH	—	1 000.0	—	3.0	80.0	钛镀铂	〔12〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	11.7	50.0	6.5	2.5	62.0	铂	〔13〕
苯酚	溶液	NaCl	1.0	50.0		5.0	85.2	铂	〔14〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	11.7	50.0		5.0	74.0		〔15〕
2，4-二硝基甲苯	阳极	NaCl	15.0	120.0	5.0	2.0	102.6	石墨	〔16〕
硝基苯酚	溶液	NaCl	5.0	60.0	3.0	1.5	90.0	改性铅	〔17〕
苯酚	溶液	Na₂SO₄	1.0	2 000.0		2.0	94.0		〔18〕
苯酚	阴极	NaCl	0.2	120.0		8.0	95.0	钛镀铂	〔19〕
亚甲基蓝	溶液	NaCl	1.0	90.0		24.0	76.0		〔20〕

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