Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of algae removal technology, application status and new technology progress

doi:10.11894/iwt.2019-0838

Abstract

Abstract:

The current common treatment methods for algae include chemical methods, physical methods, and biological methods. Chemical method can kill algae quickly, but the toxic side effects of water environment and the release of algal toxin limit its application in natural waters. The physical method is generally only applicable to the control of small-scale algae water bodies, which its efficiency is low and the algae pollution cannot be fundamentally solved. The biological method can achieve the purpose of controlling algae growth, but it has a longer period and low efficiency, and is not suitable for the treatment of sudden blooms. Therefore, the selection of appropriate new algae removal technology is essential for the removal of harmful algal blooms and the management of eutrophic water. This paper reviews the application status, advantages and disadvantages of several algae removal technologies, and points out the future development direction of eutrophication water removal algae technology.

Key words: water eutrophication, algae removal technology, application status, future prospects

摘要：

目前，含藻水体中藻类的常用处理方法有化学法、物理法以及生物法。化学法能够快速杀藻，但对水环境的毒副作用及藻毒素释放限制了其在自然水体中的应用；物理法一般只适用于小范围藻类水体的控制，效率较低且无法从根本上解决藻类污染；生物法虽然能够达到控制藻类生长的目的，但周期较长，不适于突发性水华的治理。因此选用切实可行的除藻新技术对于藻华去除及富营养化水体的治理至关重要。综述了几种除藻技术的应用现状及优缺点，指出了未来除藻技术的发展方向。

关键词: 水体富营养化, 除藻技术, 应用现状, 新技术展望

CLC Number:

X703

Yubo Fang,Chenyi Wang,Weiwei Tang,Na Yang,Guohe Wang,Fengling Wang. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of algae removal technology, application status and new technology progress[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2020, 40(9): 1-6.

方雨博,王趁义,汤唯唯,杨娜,王国贺,王凤玲. 除藻技术的优缺点比较、应用现状与新技术进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2020, 40(9): 1-6.

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References 46

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除藻技术	优点	缺点	使用范围
化学法	使用成本低、操作简便、见效快、效果好。	可能会产生抗药性，可能引发二次污染，造成生态失衡，负面作用影响较大。	适用于藻华严重水域，或在一些特殊区域被用作紧急措施。
物理法	可以直接清除水体中的藻类、操作简便、长效、对环境影响较小、不会产生二次污染。	不能从根本上消除根源，且需要大量的人力、物力、财力，使用时还需要有与之配套的特殊操作技术或设备，并需要定期运作维护。	适用于小水体或大水体的局部水域，且在大规模除藻行动的开始阶段或除藻前的准备阶段效果明显。
生物法	充分利用生态系统的食物链或植物群落里的化感作用有效抑控藻类生长，不产生二次污染。	实施起来有较大的难度，见效慢，不适于突发性水华的治理；且有可能因引入外来生物对本地物种造成生物灾难。	用于小而浅的相对封闭的河流湖泊系统，且生物分布垂直空间差异较小的水域。

除藻技术	优点	缺点	使用范围
化学法	使用成本低、操作简便、见效快、效果好。	可能会产生抗药性，可能引发二次污染，造成生态失衡，负面作用影响较大。	适用于藻华严重水域，或在一些特殊区域被用作紧急措施。
物理法	可以直接清除水体中的藻类、操作简便、长效、对环境影响较小、不会产生二次污染。	不能从根本上消除根源，且需要大量的人力、物力、财力，使用时还需要有与之配套的特殊操作技术或设备，并需要定期运作维护。	适用于小水体或大水体的局部水域，且在大规模除藻行动的开始阶段或除藻前的准备阶段效果明显。
生物法	充分利用生态系统的食物链或植物群落里的化感作用有效抑控藻类生长，不产生二次污染。	实施起来有较大的难度，见效慢，不适于突发性水华的治理；且有可能因引入外来生物对本地物种造成生物灾难。	用于小而浅的相对封闭的河流湖泊系统，且生物分布垂直空间差异较小的水域。

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