Advance on mechanism of water quality conditioning for recirculating cooling water by microorganisms

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2020-1170

Abstract

Abstract:

Water quality conditioning by microorganisms（WQCM）method is used for recirculating water treatment through adding specific microbial agents and utilizing the synergistic effects of functional strains metabolism. WQCM is a new⁃type recirculating cooling water treatment method，which is in the period of in⁃depth research and primary application. The critical issues of WQCM method for recirculating cooling water are to clarify the mechanisms of water quality conditioning and their synergistic effects by microbial functional strains. This paper recommended the current application of WQCM for recirculating cooling water，summarized the mechanisms of WQCM about anti⁃scale，anti⁃corrosion，anti⁃biofouling，and reducing pollutants in concentrated drainage，pointed out the research problems of WQCM mechanism，and looked ahead to the research direction and application prospect of WQCM method.

Key words: recirculating cooling water, microbial functional strain, water quality conditioning, mechanism

摘要：

微生物调节水质（WQCM）方法是将特定微生物菌剂加入循环冷却水中，利用多种功能菌新陈代谢的协同作用调节循环冷却水水质的一种新颖的循环冷却水处理方法，目前正处于深入研究和初步应用阶段。循环冷却水WQCM方法的关键是阐明微生物功能菌调节循环冷却水水质的作用机理及协同机制。介绍了目前循环冷却水WQCM的应用现状；归纳了WQCM防垢、防腐、防生物黏泥以及浓排水降污的作用机理；指出了当前WQCM机理研究存在的问题，展望了WQCM方法未来的研究方向和应用前景。

关键词: 循环冷却水, 微生物功能菌, 调节水质, 作用机理

CLC Number:

TM621.8

Yu WANG, Tianping WANG, Chunsong YE. Advance on mechanism of water quality conditioning for recirculating cooling water by microorganisms[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2022, 42(2): 60-66.

王宇, 王天平, 叶春松. 循环冷却水微生物调节水质机理研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2022, 42(2): 60-66.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2020-1170

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2022/V42/I2/60

Figures/Tables 4

References 44

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微生物功能菌	防垢效果	防腐效果	防生物黏泥效果	降污效果	应用系统
乳酸菌、酵母菌、枯草菌、放线菌、丝状菌、光合菌、硝化菌等	浓缩倍率最高为11.9	碳钢腐蚀速率为0.045 mm/a；铜腐蚀速率为0.001 8 mm/a	黏附速率符合国家标准	运行4周后TP、TDS和浊度持续下降	某循环冷却水系统^〔4〕
溶垢细菌、群体淬灭细菌、高效降解细菌和絮凝细菌等	浓缩倍率为4.5~5.0	碳钢腐蚀速率为0.063 9 mm/a	—	浊度为1.5~6.2 NTU，COD为21~29 mg/L，符合国家标准	神华宁煤煤炭化学工业分公司甲醇厂循环冷却水系统^〔5-6〕
纺锤形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、球衣菌和乳杆菌等	浓缩倍率最高为5.2；换热器管壁污垢明显减少	碳钢30 d内腐蚀速率符合国家标准，30 d后超标；黄铜和不锈钢腐蚀速率符合国家标准	集水池壁上的藻类生长被抑制	浊度为1 NTU左右，低于往年同期平均值；TP下降97.2%	重庆某化肥公司硝酸生产车间循环冷却水系统^〔7〕
复合微生物菌群	浓缩倍率为15~18；原有垢减少0.2~0.3 mm	不锈钢腐蚀速率为0.000 1 mm/a	异养菌总数为2.8×10⁴~3.5×10⁴ mL^-1；水塔盆边缘及内部支柱无大量绿藻滋生	—	鸡西二热电公司火电厂循环冷却水系统^〔8〕
蜡样芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、乳酸球菌、干酪乳杆菌和红平红球菌等	相比化学法处理，换热管污垢热阻下降0.6×10^-4 m²·℃/W	相比化学法处理，碳钢腐蚀速率下降22.5%，铜合金腐蚀速率下降26.8%	异养菌总数为7×10⁴ mL^-1；生物黏泥量为1.4 mL/m³	相比化学法处理，浓排水中TP、COD和悬浮物下降	京津唐地区某火电厂循环冷却水系统^〔9〕
溶垢絮凝细菌、群体淬灭细菌、高效降解细菌等	浓缩倍率为4~6；相比化学法处理，换热管污垢热阻下降	相比化学法处理，全铁和铜离子质量浓度上升，但符合国家标准	异养菌总数为 1×10⁵ mL^-1，相比化学法处理下降	平均COD为40.26 mg/L，TP稳定在0.3 mg/L以下，相比化学法处理，COD、TP下降	某循环冷却水系统^〔10〕

微生物功能菌	防垢效果	防腐效果	防生物黏泥效果	降污效果	应用系统
乳酸菌、酵母菌、枯草菌、放线菌、丝状菌、光合菌、硝化菌等	浓缩倍率最高为11.9	碳钢腐蚀速率为0.045 mm/a；铜腐蚀速率为0.001 8 mm/a	黏附速率符合国家标准	运行4周后TP、TDS和浊度持续下降	某循环冷却水系统^〔4〕
溶垢细菌、群体淬灭细菌、高效降解细菌和絮凝细菌等	浓缩倍率为4.5~5.0	碳钢腐蚀速率为0.063 9 mm/a	—	浊度为1.5~6.2 NTU，COD为21~29 mg/L，符合国家标准	神华宁煤煤炭化学工业分公司甲醇厂循环冷却水系统^〔5-6〕
纺锤形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、球衣菌和乳杆菌等	浓缩倍率最高为5.2；换热器管壁污垢明显减少	碳钢30 d内腐蚀速率符合国家标准，30 d后超标；黄铜和不锈钢腐蚀速率符合国家标准	集水池壁上的藻类生长被抑制	浊度为1 NTU左右，低于往年同期平均值；TP下降97.2%	重庆某化肥公司硝酸生产车间循环冷却水系统^〔7〕
复合微生物菌群	浓缩倍率为15~18；原有垢减少0.2~0.3 mm	不锈钢腐蚀速率为0.000 1 mm/a	异养菌总数为2.8×10⁴~3.5×10⁴ mL^-1；水塔盆边缘及内部支柱无大量绿藻滋生	—	鸡西二热电公司火电厂循环冷却水系统^〔8〕
蜡样芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、乳酸球菌、干酪乳杆菌和红平红球菌等	相比化学法处理，换热管污垢热阻下降0.6×10^-4 m²·℃/W	相比化学法处理，碳钢腐蚀速率下降22.5%，铜合金腐蚀速率下降26.8%	异养菌总数为7×10⁴ mL^-1；生物黏泥量为1.4 mL/m³	相比化学法处理，浓排水中TP、COD和悬浮物下降	京津唐地区某火电厂循环冷却水系统^〔9〕
溶垢絮凝细菌、群体淬灭细菌、高效降解细菌等	浓缩倍率为4~6；相比化学法处理，换热管污垢热阻下降	相比化学法处理，全铁和铜离子质量浓度上升，但符合国家标准	异养菌总数为 1×10⁵ mL^-1，相比化学法处理下降	平均COD为40.26 mg/L，TP稳定在0.3 mg/L以下，相比化学法处理，COD、TP下降	某循环冷却水系统^〔10〕

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