Study on the removal effect of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni2+ in groundwater by chemical reduction-precipitation method

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0152

Abstract

Abstract:

In response to the problem of combined pollution of hexavalent chromium〔Cr(Ⅵ)〕 and nickel(Ni²⁺) in groundwater caused by industrial wastewater infiltration, remediation research was carried out using the chemical reduction method of ferrous sulfate(FeSO₄·7H₂O) combined with hydroxide precipitation method. Taking simulated groundwater polluted by Cr(Ⅵ) -Ni²⁺ as the treatment object, the effects of initial pH of simulated water sample, dosage of FeSO₄·7H₂O, pH of precipitation reaction and ionic precipitation sequence on the removal efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni²⁺ were systematically investigated. Two optimized removal schemes were obtained. In a raw water system with pH of about 7, FeSO₄·7H₂O was added at a mass ratio of 1∶18 between Cr(Ⅵ) and FeSO₄·7H₂O to reduce Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ), after which the pH was adjusted to 9.5 for co-precipitation of Cr(Ⅲ) and Ni²⁺. Alternatively, the water sample was pre-adjusted to pH 9.5 for preliminary precipitation to remove Ni²⁺, followed by the addition of FeSO₄·7H₂O at a mass ratio of 1∶18 between Cr(Ⅵ) and FeSO₄·7H₂O for the reduction reaction and subsequent removal of Cr(Ⅵ) through secondary precipitation. The experimental results showed that the residual mass concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni²⁺ under both schemes met the requirements of Class Ⅳ water in the Standard for Groundwater Quality(GB/T 14848—2017), and Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni²⁺ were ultimately removed in the form of Cr(OH)₃ and Ni(OH)₂ precipitates, respectively.

Key words: chemical reduction, groundwater, hexavalent chromium, nickel, ferrous sulphate

摘要：

针对工业废水渗滤导致的地下水六价铬〔Cr（Ⅵ）〕和镍（Ni²⁺）复合污染问题，采用硫酸亚铁（FeSO₄·7H₂O）化学还原法结合氢氧化物沉淀法开展修复研究。以Cr（Ⅵ）-Ni²⁺复合污染的模拟地下水为处理对象，系统考察了模拟水样初始pH、FeSO₄·7H₂O投加量、沉淀反应pH和离子沉淀顺序对Cr（Ⅵ）和Ni²⁺去除效能的影响，得到两种优化后的去除方案，即在pH为7左右的原水体系中，按Cr（Ⅵ）与FeSO₄·7H₂O质量比1∶18投加FeSO₄·7H₂O，将Cr（Ⅵ）还原为Cr（Ⅲ）后调节体系pH至9.5进行Cr（Ⅲ）和Ni²⁺的共沉淀，或预先将水样pH调至9.5进行预沉淀分离去除Ni²⁺，随后按Cr（Ⅵ）与FeSO₄·7H₂O质量比1∶18投加FeSO₄·7H₂O进行还原反应并通过二次沉淀去除Cr（Ⅵ）。实验结果表明，两种方案下Cr（Ⅵ）和Ni²⁺的剩余质量浓度均满足《地下水质量标准》（GB/T 14848—2017）Ⅳ类水要求，Cr（Ⅵ）和Ni²⁺最终分别以Cr（OH）₃和Ni（OH）₂的沉淀形态被去除。

关键词: 化学还原, 地下水, 六价铬, 镍, 硫酸亚铁

CLC Number:

X703.1
TQ028

Jianmin NIU, Jiawei HONG, Chong ZANG, Jingwei MA, Min ZHOU, Zhou SHI, Lin DENG, Hongyan LI. Study on the removal effect of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni²⁺ in groundwater by chemical reduction-precipitation method[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2026, 46(2): 168-174.

牛建敏, 洪佳伟, 臧翀, 马晶伟, 周敏, 施周, 邓林, 李红艳. 化学还原-沉淀法对地下水中Cr（Ⅵ）和Ni²⁺的去除效果研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2026, 46(2): 168-174.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0152

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2026/V46/I2/168

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 The effect of initial pH of simulated water samples on the removal rates of Cr（Ⅵ） and Ni²⁺（a） and the pH changes of water samples before and after the reaction（b）

Fig.2 The removal rates of Cr （Ⅵ） and Ni²⁺ under the condition of adjusting the pH of water sample to 9.5 after reduction reaction

Fig.3 The effect of the mass ratio of Cr（Ⅵ） and FeSO₄·7H₂O on the removal rates of Cr（Ⅵ） and Ni²⁺

Fig.4 The effect of the precipitation pH on the removal rates of Cr（Ⅵ） and Ni²⁺

Fig.5 Effect of precipitation order on removal rate（a） and change in pH before and after the experiment（b）

Fig.6 XRD patterns of precipitates

Fig.7 FTIR spectra of precipitates

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Study on the removal effect of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ni²⁺ in groundwater by chemical reduction-precipitation method

化学还原-沉淀法对地下水中Cr（Ⅵ）和Ni²⁺的去除效果研究

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