摘要：

针对含油废水的特点,采用开放式系统运行方式,从长期受石油烃污染的土壤和炼油厂污水处理曝气池活性污泥样品中筛选、驯化得到高温复合菌群。该复合菌群降解石油烃的最适条件为:接种量为6%、温度50℃、pH=7.5、DO<3.48 mg/L和NaCl质量分数低于0.3%。利用该复合菌群对炼油废水进行处理,菌群能产生鼠李糖脂类生物表面活性物质,降低废水的表面张力。由降解过程中实际除油率和表观除油率的变化情况,推断出复合菌群先将石油烃吸附到菌体表面,然后将其进行生物利用,使废水中的石油烃降解。

关键词: 高温, 石油微生物, 复合菌群, 降解特性, 炼油废水

Abstract:

According to the characteristics of oil-bearing wastewater， a high-temperature complex flora has beenscreened and cultured from the petroleum hydrocarbon fouling soil and wastewater treatment activated sludge aera-tion tank at a refinery. The complex flora has optimum degradation effect on petroleum hydrocarbon when the inocu-lative quantity is 6%, temperature 50 ℃, pH 7.5， DO higher than 3.48 mg/L and NaCl concentration lower than0.3%. The complex flora has been used for treating oil refinery wastewater. And the flora can produce Rhamnoselipids bio-surfactant to reduce surface tension of wastewater. Based on a comparison between the actual oil removalefficiency and the apparent oil removal efficiency during the bio-degradation process， it can be deduced that thecomplex flora makes the petroleum hydrocarbon be adsorbed to the flora surfaces first， and then use it biologically，degrading the petroleum hydrocarbon in wastewater.

Key words: high-temperature, oil microorganisms, complex flora, degradation capacity, wastewater from refinery

中图分类号: 

• X703.1