摘要：

针对污水处理反硝化过程碳源不足导致的脱氮效率低的问题，以美人蕉、芦竹、香茅、香蒲4种天然植物材料为研究对象，首先通过静态释放实验探究了经预处理的不同植物材料的释碳性能和氮磷释放规律；然后以4种经预处理的植物材料作为外加碳源，考察了其反硝化脱氮能力；最后利用扫描电镜对预处理前后植物材料表面微观结构进行了表征。结果表明：不同植物材料水解释碳存在差异，其中香茅释碳量最大，芦竹次之；相较于美人蕉和香蒲，以芦竹和香茅作为外加碳源的反硝化脱氮效果更好，平均NO₃^--N去除率分别达到90.53%和89.46%；碱处理后的植物材料表面粗糙程度由大到小依次为香茅>芦竹>美人蕉>香蒲；芦竹和香茅更适宜作为碳源材料。

关键词: 天然植物材料, 反硝化, 缓释碳源, 预处理

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of low denitrification efficiency caused by insufficient carbon sources in the denitrification process of wastewater treatment, four natural plant materials including canna, arundo, citronella and cattail, were taken as the research objects. The carbon release performance, nitrogen and phosphorus release rules of different plant materials after pretreatment were investigated through static release tests. Besides, the denitrification capacity of four plant materials after pretreatment was also studied. The surface microstructures of plant materials before and after pretreatment were characterized by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the four plant materials have different carbon release performance in water, and the carbon released by citronella was the largest, followed by arundo. Compared with canna and cattail, arundo and citronella had better denitrification efficiency, with an average removal rate to NO₃^-—N about 90.53% and 89.46%, respectively. The surface roughness of plant materials after alkali treatment was in the order of citronella, arundo, canna and cattail. Arundo and citronella are more suitable as carbon source materials.

Key words: nature plant material, denitrification, slow-release carbon source, pretreatment

中图分类号: 

• X703