谷壳天然混凝剂在饮用水处理中的应用研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0962

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以谷壳为原材料制备了一种天然混凝剂，并对其结构与元素组成进行了表征。通过混凝实验考察了谷壳混凝剂的净水效果，并进一步探究了不同亲疏水性、不同分子质量有机物的去除情况。结果表明，制备的谷壳混凝剂能够有效去除大分子、疏水性有机物，对小分子、亲水性有机物的去除率也可达40%。与聚合氯化铝相比，谷壳混凝剂可更有效地控制后续消毒中消毒副产物的生成，在痕量抗生素的去除能力方面也具有一定优势。

关键词: 饮用水处理, 天然混凝剂, 有机物组分分离, 消毒副产物, 抗生素

Abstract:

A rice husk-derived natural coagulant was prepared，and its structure and element composition were characterized. The purification efficiency of rice husk-derived coagulant was investigated through coagulation experiment，and the removal of organics with different hydrophobicity and molecular weight was further explored. The results showed that the rice husk-derived coagulant prepared could effectively remove macromolecular and hydrophobic organics，and the removal of small molecular and hydrophilic organics could also reach up to 40%. Compared with polyaluminum chloride，rice husk-derived coagulant could effectively control the formation of disinfection by-products in subsequent disinfection，and had certain advantages in the removal of trace antibiotics.

Key words: drinking water treatment, natural coagulant, separation of organic components, disinfection by-products, antibiotics

中图分类号:

X703.1

李贤舟, 王璐佳, 唐舟潮, 邵佳杰, 傅舟跃, 张孝洪. 谷壳天然混凝剂在饮用水处理中的应用研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(9): 168-173.

Yinchau LI, Lujia WANG, Zhouchao TANG, Jiajie SHAO, Zhouyue FU, Xiaohong ZHANG. Application of rice husk-derived natural coagulant in drinking water treatment[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(9): 168-173.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I9/168

图/表 8

图1 谷壳混凝剂的FT-IR

Fig. 1 FT-IR spectrum of husk-derived coagulant

图2 谷壳混凝剂的SEM和EDX

Fig. 2 SEM image and EDX spectrum of husk-derived coagulant

图3 谷壳混凝剂投加量对DOC、UV₂₅₄和浊度去除效果的影响

Fig. 3 Effect of dose of husk-derived coagulant on the removal of DOC，UV₂₅₄ and turbidity

图4 谷壳混凝剂投加量对不同分子质量、不同亲疏水性组分DOC去除效果的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of dose of husk-derived coagulant on the removal of DOC for fractions with different molecular size and hydrophobicity

图5 谷壳混凝剂与聚合氯化铝对消毒副产物前体物的去除效果

Fig. 5 Removal of precursors of disinfection byproducts with husk-derived coagulant and polyaluminium chloride

表1 使用不同混凝剂混凝沉淀后各类消毒副产物生成量的变化 (μg/L)

Table 1 Change of formation potential of DBPs after coagulation with different coagulants

	THMs	HAAs	HALs	HANs
原水	102.3	72.5	10.5	13.8
聚合氯化铝	53.6	48.7	10.4	12.9
谷壳混凝剂	64.5	40.4	3.6	7.3

图6 谷壳混凝剂与聚合氯化铝对抗生素的去除效果

Fig. 6 Removal of antibiotic with husk-derived coagulant and polyaluminium chloride

表2 使用不同混凝剂混凝沉淀后抗生素浓度的变化 (ng/L)

Table 2 Change of concentrations of antibiotics after coagulation with different coagulants

	四环素	氟罗沙星	磺胺甲唑	土霉素
原水	50	50	50	50
聚合氯化铝	22.3	37.9	27.55	43.8
谷壳混凝剂	23.05	33.2	15.6	37.4

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