摘要：

船舶生活污水中含有大量污染物，受船舶空间和环境限制，化学除磷和生物除磷法存在局限性，同时磷在自然界中属于逐渐减少的有利资源。将自制铁碳微电解（ICME）填料与船用膜生物反应器（MBR）组成新的船舶生活污水处理系统，实现了对污水中磷的去除和回收。结果表明，好氧条件下铁碳质量比为3∶1的ICME填料对磷的去除效果最好，系统出水能满足船舶生活污水排放标准MEPC.227（64）（TP<1 mg/L或去除率>80%）的要求。Langmuir模型能更好地描述ICME填料对磷的吸附过程。利用2%（质量分数）H₂SO₄和1 mol/L NaOH对填料进行解吸活化，利用鸟粪石（MAP）沉淀法可以回收解吸液中的磷，磷回收率大于50%，通过傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）分析验证了回收产品中含有磷。利用ICME填料与船用MBR组合系统实现了对污水中磷的去除及回收，不仅为船舶生活污水处理后达标排放提供了有益思路，也为其中的磷回收和防止海洋污染提供了重要参考。

关键词: 船舶生活污水, 铁碳微电解填料, 膜生物反应器, 除磷, 磷回收

Abstract:

Domestic sewage of ship contains large amount of pollutants. Due to the limitations of ship space and environment, chemical and biological phosphorus removal methods have limitations. Meanwhile, phosphorus is a gradually decreasing beneficial resource in nature. A new ship domestic sewage treatment system was developed by combining self-made iron-carbon microelectrolysis(ICME) fillers with membrane bioreactor(MBR) to achieve the removal and recovery of phosphorus from sewage. The results showed that ICME filler with an iron-to-carbon mass ratio of 3:1 under aerobic conditions achieved optimal phosphorus removal efficiency. The system effluent met the discharge standards for ship domestic sewage (MEPC.227(64), TP<1 mg/L or removal rate>80%). The Langmuir model could better describe the adsorption process of phosphorus by filler. 2%(mass fraction) H₂SO₄ and 1 mol/L NaOH was used for desorption and activation, and the phosphorus in desorption solution was recovered through struvite precipitation method, with phosphorus recovery rate exceeding 50%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of phosphorus in recovered products. The combined ICME-MBR system not only realized phosphorus removal and recovery from sewage, but also provided valuable insights for compliant discharge treatment of ship domestic sewage, while offering significant references for phosphorus resource recovery and marine pollution prevention.

Key words: sewage of ship, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, membrane bioreactor, phosphorus removal, phosphorus recovery

中图分类号: 

• X55