电吸附电极材料的研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2020-1045

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电吸附除盐技术是一种正在发展的新型的除盐技术，其中电极材料是制约电吸附性能的关键，也是电吸附技术研究的热点。介绍了电吸附技术原理和4类碳基电极材料的研究进展，对比分析了4类电极材料的优缺点，指出单一电极材料的吸附容量小，不能满足其工业要求，在低成本的条件下对电极材料进行改性处理是今后电吸附电极材料的主要研究方向。

关键词: 电吸附, 电容去离子, 电极材料

Abstract:

Electro⁃adsorption is a kind of new and developing desalination technology. The electrode is the key factor which restricts electro⁃adsorption capacity and the hotspot of electro⁃adsorption research. The principle of electro⁃adsorption technology and the research progress of four kinds of electrode materials based on carbon were introduced，and the advantages and disadvantages of which were contrasted and analyzes. The adsorption capacity of a single electrode material was small and could not meet the industrial requirements. Therefore，how to modify electrode materials under low cost was the main research direction of electro⁃adsorption electrode materials in the future.

Key words: electro?adsorption, capacitive deionization, electrode materials

中图分类号:

董旭明, 张胜寒, 狄杰, 王智麟, 祁伟健. 电吸附电极材料的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2022, 42(1): 48-55.

Xuming DONG, Shenghan ZHANG, Jie DI, Zhilin WANG, Weijian QI. Research progress of electro-adsorption electrode materials[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2022, 42(1): 48-55.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I1/48

图/表 3

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		活性炭基电极	石墨烯基电极	碳气凝胶基电极	碳纳米基电极
优点	比表面积大	√		√
	孔隙率高	√	√	√
	比电容高	√	√		√
	孔径可控			√
	导电性好		√		√
	导热性好		√	√	√
	密度低		√		√
	化学稳定好			√	√
	再生性好	√		√
	技术成熟度	技术较成熟，有一定工业应用	正逐渐走向工业化	处于研究阶段	处于研究阶段
	应用前景广泛	√	√	√	√
缺点	导电性差	√
	易团聚		√
	工艺复杂	√	√	√	√
	成本高		√	√	√
	规模化生产难度大			√	√
	有环境污染风险		√		√

		活性炭基电极	石墨烯基电极	碳气凝胶基电极	碳纳米基电极
优点	比表面积大	√		√
	孔隙率高	√	√	√
	比电容高	√	√		√
	孔径可控			√
	导电性好		√		√
	导热性好		√	√	√
	密度低		√		√
	化学稳定好			√	√
	再生性好	√		√
	技术成熟度	技术较成熟，有一定工业应用	正逐渐走向工业化	处于研究阶段	处于研究阶段
	应用前景广泛	√	√	√	√
缺点	导电性差	√
	易团聚		√
	工艺复杂	√	√	√	√
	成本高		√	√	√
	规模化生产难度大			√	√
	有环境污染风险		√		√

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