摘要：

针对餐厨废水油脂含量高，极易造成排水管道堵塞问题，采用Fenton法预处理餐厨含油废水，分别考察了H₂O₂投加量、反应时间、n（Fe²⁺） : n（H₂O₂）、pH等4个因素对Fenton预处理餐厨含油废水的影响，并通过自由基猝灭实验、三维荧光、气相色谱进行反应效能和机制的探究。研究结果表明，在pH为3、反应时间60 min、H₂O₂投加量2.0 mL、n（Fe²⁺） : n（H₂O₂）=2∶3时，油类物质、COD的去除率最高可达87.24%、78.96%，TP由70.92 mg/L最低降至4.56 mg/L。自由基猝灭实验结果表明，·OH是此反应的主要活性物种，对污染物的降解起到主要作用。三维荧光光谱及气相色谱分析结果表明，采用Fenton法预处理餐厨含油废水后，原水中溶解性有机物被氧化，大量脂肪酸被降解，相对不饱和度降低，可以有效抑制油脂沉积物的形成，极大延缓管道堵塞问题。

关键词: Fenton法, 餐厨, 含油废水, 自由基猝灭, 脂肪酸

Abstract:

In response to the issue of frequently drainage pipe blockages caused by kitchen wastewater with high oil/grease content, a Fenton-based process was implemented to pretreat oily kitchen wastewater. The effects of four factors, including H₂O₂ dosage, reaction time, n（Fe²⁺） : n（H₂O₂） and pH, on the oily kitchen wastewater by Fenton were investigated, and the reaction mechanism was explored through free radical quenching experiment, three-dimensional fluorescence, and gas chromatography. The results showed that under optimal conditions 〔pH=3, reaction time=60 min, H₂O₂ dosage=2.0 mL, and n（Fe²⁺） : n（H₂O₂）=2∶3〕, the removal rates of oil and COD reached 87.24% and 78.96%, respectively, while TP concentration decreased from 70.92 mg/L to 4.56 mg/L. The results of the free radical quenching experiment demonstrated that ·OH was the dominant active species of this reaction and played a major role in the degradation of pollutants. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and gas chromatography analysis showed that after Fenton pretreatment of oily kitchen wastewater, the dissolved organic matter in the raw water was oxidized and a substantial amount of fatty acids were degraded, resulting in reduced relative unsaturation. This process effectively suppressed the formation of lipid deposits and significantly mitigated issues of pipeline blockage.

Key words: Fenton method, kitchen, oily wastewater, free radical quenching, fatty acids

中图分类号: 

• X703