Research progress of photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment technology

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1151

Abstract

Abstract:

Large amount of organic matter in wastewater is the main reason for the deterioration of environmental water bodies. Traditional wastewater treatment technologies have good treatment efficiency, but there are problems such as secondary pollution, high treatment costs, and the inability to recycle organic matter from wastewater. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to find a green, environmental friendly, and sustainable alternative solution. Photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) wastewater treatment technology, as a potential resource utilization method, has received widespread attention in the field of wastewater treatment. This article reviewed the research progress of photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment technology in wastewater treatment in recent years, with a focus on exploring the pathways and influencing factors of pollutant degradation by photosynthetic bacteria. It also introduced the main forms, large-scale applications, and resource utilization status of photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment technology. Finally, the future development trends of photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment and resource utilization were discussed.

Key words: photosynthetic bacteria, wastewater treatment, resource recovery

摘要：

废水中存在大量有机物，是造成环境水体恶化的主要原因。传统的废水处理技术处理效率好，但存在二次污染、处理成本高、废水中有机物无法资源化利用等问题，因此寻找一种绿色环保和可持续的替代方案显得尤为重要。光合细菌（PSB）废水处理技术作为一种潜在的有机物资源化处理方法，在废水处理领域得到广泛关注。回顾了近年来光合细菌废水处理技术在废水处理中的研究进展，重点探讨了光合细菌降解污染物的途径以及影响因素，并介绍了光合细菌废水处理工艺的主要形式、规模化应用以及资源化应用现状，最后对光合细菌废水处理和资源化未来发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词: 光合细菌, 废水处理, 资源回收

CLC Number:

X703

Tingting RAN, Lezhuo LI, Zhaoran WANG, Ruilian SHI. Research progress of photosynthetic bacteria wastewater treatment technology[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(11): 9-16.

冉婷婷, 李乐卓, 王兆冉, 石瑞莲. 光合细菌废水处理技术的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(11): 9-16.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-1151

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2024/V44/I11/9

Figures/Tables 5

References 52

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反应器形式	PSB生长方式	处理量	废水类型	反应条件	处理效果	参考文献
玻璃试管	悬浮生长	100 mL	制药废水	微氧、6 000 lx、pH=6.8~7.0、20~30 ℃	COD去除率80%	〔26〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	500 mL	蔗糖废水	120 r/min、DO=2.0~4.0 mg/L	NH₄ ⁺-N和COD的去除率分别达到80.5%和53.5%	〔27〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	1 000 mL	含糖废水	150 r/min、25~28 ℃、pH=7、光照强度40 μmol/（m²·s）	COD和NH₄ ⁺-N去除率为94.0%和96.2%	〔28〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	250 mL	含铬废水	30 ℃、pH=6.8、5 760 lx、铬离子质量浓度30 mg/L	铬离子去除率达到89.3%	〔29〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	200 mL	含油废水	微氧条件（0.5~1.5 mg/L）、500 lx	SCOD和NH₄ ⁺-N去除率分别为62.66%和91.54%	〔30〕
气密玻璃瓶	悬浮生长（光生物反应器）	1.2 L	养殖废水	300 r/min、50 W/m²红外光辐射、（30±2） ℃	TOC、TN和VFAs的去除率分别为75%、39%和98%	〔31〕
丙烯酸容器	附着生长（固定化系统）	15 L	含油废水	黑暗条件、30 ℃、0.1 L/min曝气（以空气量计）	固定化PSB对油脂去除率为96%	〔32〕
有机玻璃罐	附着生长（PSB-MBR）	240 L	啤酒废水	25~30 ℃、pH=6.8~7.8	出水COD、NH₄ ⁺-N和TP均符合《啤酒工业污染物排放标准》（GB 19821—2005）	〔33〕
平板式反应器	附着生长（PSB-MSBR）	600 L	乳制品废水	光照强度约为1.3 kW/m²、pH=7.0~7.5、25~40 ℃、HRT=10 d	COD去除率在90%以上	〔34〕
光旋转生物接触器	附着生长	3 L	染料废水	1 000 lx、HRT=10 d、pH=7.0、（25±2） ℃	染料去除率为90.3%，COD、总氮、磷酸盐和硫化物的去除率分别保持在93.9%、69%、72%和67%	〔35〕

反应器形式	PSB生长方式	处理量	废水类型	反应条件	处理效果	参考文献
玻璃试管	悬浮生长	100 mL	制药废水	微氧、6 000 lx、pH=6.8~7.0、20~30 ℃	COD去除率80%	〔26〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	500 mL	蔗糖废水	120 r/min、DO=2.0~4.0 mg/L	NH₄ ⁺-N和COD的去除率分别达到80.5%和53.5%	〔27〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	1 000 mL	含糖废水	150 r/min、25~28 ℃、pH=7、光照强度40 μmol/（m²·s）	COD和NH₄ ⁺-N去除率为94.0%和96.2%	〔28〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	250 mL	含铬废水	30 ℃、pH=6.8、5 760 lx、铬离子质量浓度30 mg/L	铬离子去除率达到89.3%	〔29〕
锥形瓶	悬浮生长	200 mL	含油废水	微氧条件（0.5~1.5 mg/L）、500 lx	SCOD和NH₄ ⁺-N去除率分别为62.66%和91.54%	〔30〕
气密玻璃瓶	悬浮生长（光生物反应器）	1.2 L	养殖废水	300 r/min、50 W/m²红外光辐射、（30±2） ℃	TOC、TN和VFAs的去除率分别为75%、39%和98%	〔31〕
丙烯酸容器	附着生长（固定化系统）	15 L	含油废水	黑暗条件、30 ℃、0.1 L/min曝气（以空气量计）	固定化PSB对油脂去除率为96%	〔32〕
有机玻璃罐	附着生长（PSB-MBR）	240 L	啤酒废水	25~30 ℃、pH=6.8~7.8	出水COD、NH₄ ⁺-N和TP均符合《啤酒工业污染物排放标准》（GB 19821—2005）	〔33〕
平板式反应器	附着生长（PSB-MSBR）	600 L	乳制品废水	光照强度约为1.3 kW/m²、pH=7.0~7.5、25~40 ℃、HRT=10 d	COD去除率在90%以上	〔34〕
光旋转生物接触器	附着生长	3 L	染料废水	1 000 lx、HRT=10 d、pH=7.0、（25±2） ℃	染料去除率为90.3%，COD、总氮、磷酸盐和硫化物的去除率分别保持在93.9%、69%、72%和67%	〔35〕

生物质资源	PSB生长方式	处理量	废水类型	最佳反应条件	资源化能力	参考文献
生物制氢	附着生长（固定化系统）	250 mL	猪粪废水	30 ℃，pH=7，光照度8 000 lx	在120 h时，固定化颗粒产生152.1 mL H₂	〔43〕
高价值产品	悬浮生长	400 mL	含糖废水	26~30 ℃、接种量为20%（体积分数）、HRT=72 h、C/N=5~50	光厌氧、暗好氧、光好氧条件下最高蛋白质产量分别达到115.1、143.4、207.7 mg/（L·d）	〔50〕
	悬浮生长	200 mL	乳酸废水	初始细菌质量浓度为450 mg/L，培养温度为（28±2） ℃，光照度为3 000~4 000 lx，持续培养5 d	蛋白质质量分数达到69.1%，类胡萝卜素、细菌叶绿素质量浓度分别为2.3、0.8 mg/L	〔21〕
	附着生长（平板式光生物反应器）	2.9 L/d	发酵淀粉废水	光照强度为12.73 W/m²、HRT=10 d、33~35 ℃、ORP<-200 mV、pH=7.0±1.0	蛋白质质量分数为56%~64%，单位质量VSS中胡萝卜素a和类胡萝卜素色素分别为1.13 µmol/g和0.60 mg/g	〔51〕
水产养殖添加剂	悬浮生长	养殖面积为4 340 m²	水产养殖废水	24~26 ℃、以3 g/m²一次洒入PSB菌悬液，其活菌数为3×10⁹ mL^-1	能够明显改善水质，提高水中鱼类生物的免疫力，促进鱼类的生长	〔52〕

生物质资源	PSB生长方式	处理量	废水类型	最佳反应条件	资源化能力	参考文献
生物制氢	附着生长（固定化系统）	250 mL	猪粪废水	30 ℃，pH=7，光照度8 000 lx	在120 h时，固定化颗粒产生152.1 mL H₂	〔43〕
高价值产品	悬浮生长	400 mL	含糖废水	26~30 ℃、接种量为20%（体积分数）、HRT=72 h、C/N=5~50	光厌氧、暗好氧、光好氧条件下最高蛋白质产量分别达到115.1、143.4、207.7 mg/（L·d）	〔50〕
	悬浮生长	200 mL	乳酸废水	初始细菌质量浓度为450 mg/L，培养温度为（28±2） ℃，光照度为3 000~4 000 lx，持续培养5 d	蛋白质质量分数达到69.1%，类胡萝卜素、细菌叶绿素质量浓度分别为2.3、0.8 mg/L	〔21〕
	附着生长（平板式光生物反应器）	2.9 L/d	发酵淀粉废水	光照强度为12.73 W/m²、HRT=10 d、33~35 ℃、ORP<-200 mV、pH=7.0±1.0	蛋白质质量分数为56%~64%，单位质量VSS中胡萝卜素a和类胡萝卜素色素分别为1.13 µmol/g和0.60 mg/g	〔51〕
水产养殖添加剂	悬浮生长	养殖面积为4 340 m²	水产养殖废水	24~26 ℃、以3 g/m²一次洒入PSB菌悬液，其活菌数为3×10⁹ mL^-1	能够明显改善水质，提高水中鱼类生物的免疫力，促进鱼类的生长	〔52〕

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