Industrial Water Treatment ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 1-10. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0519

• SUMMARIES AND THESES ON SPECIAL TOPICS •     Next Articles

Current status and development direction of wastewater treatment for cathode materials of batteries

Xuzhong LI1(), Rui YUAN2, Xi ZHAO1, Ban WU3   

  1. 1. Changsha Nonferrous Metallurgy Design and Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Changsha 410001, China
    2. School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
    3. Hunan Zhongjin Lingnan Kangmeng Environmental Protection Technology Co. , Ltd. , Changsha 410017, China
  • Received:2025-10-11 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-02-03

电池正极材料生产废水处理技术现状及发展方向

李绪忠1(), 袁睿2, 赵玺1, 吴班3   

  1. 1. 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,湖南 长沙 410001
    2. 中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    3. 湖南中金岭南康盟环保科技有限公司,湖南 长沙 410017
  • 作者简介:

    李绪忠(1967— ),正高级工程师,E-mail:

Abstract:

With the rapid growth of the global new energy vehicle industry, the demand for lithium battery market is continuously increasing. As a core component of lithium batteries, the production process of battery cathode materials generates large amount of complex wastewater, which contains high concentrations of salts, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal ions, and organic matter. Direct discharge can cause severe environmental and ecological damage. Efficiently treating wastewater from battery cathode material production, and achieving resource recovery and zero wastewater discharge have become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry. Firstly, the main sources and characteristics of wastewater from the production of battery cathode materials were summarized. Secondly, the treatment technologies for lithium iron phosphate wastewater and ternary cathode material wastewater were discussed, and corresponding treatment technologies and resource utilization strategies were elaborated for pollutants such as phosphate, sulfate, heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen, organic matter, and fluoride in the wastewater. Furthermore, the selection principles and treatment effects of combined processes were summarized, and illustrated through two typical engineering cases. Finally, based on the current technological status, the development directions of wastewater treatment for battery cathode material production were discussed.

Key words: battery cathode material, characteristic pollutants, combined process, resource recovery, zero discharge of wastewater

摘要:

随着全球新能源汽车行业的迅猛发展,锂电池市场需求持续增长。电池正极材料作为锂电池的核心组成部分,其生产过程中产生了大量复杂废水,这些废水含有高浓度的盐分、氨氮、重金属离子及有机物,直接排放会对环境和生态系统造成严重危害。高效处理电池正极材料生产废水并实现资源回收和废水零排放,已成为行业亟待解决的问题。首先,综述了电池正极材料生产废水的主要来源及特征。其次,讨论了磷酸铁锂废水和三元正极材料废水的处理技术,针对废水中的磷酸盐、硫酸盐、重金属离子、氨氮、有机物和氟等污染物,分别阐述了相应的处理技术与资源化策略。进一步地,归纳了组合工艺的选取原则及其处理效果,并通过两个典型工程案例加以说明。最后,基于目前的技术现状,展望了电池正极材料生产废水处理的发展方向。

关键词: 电池正极材料, 特征污染物, 组合工艺, 资源回收, 废水零排放

CLC Number: