工业水处理 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 43-50. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2021-0590

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤制气废水厌氧处理技术研究进展与机理解析

朱昊(), 李双涛, 刘汉飞, 黄益平, 黄晶晶, 倪嵩波   

  1. 中建安装集团有限公司,江苏 南京 210000
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-06 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-09-05
  • 作者简介:

    朱昊(1992— ),博士,电话:13584064496,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中建安装2020年度科技研发计划(AZ-2020-05); 南京市建设系统科技计划项目(Ks2116)

Research progress and mechanism analysis of anaerobic treatment technology for coal gasification wastewater

Hao ZHU(), Shuangtao LI, Hanfei LIU, Yiping HUANG, Jingjing HUANG, Songbo NI   

  1. China Construction Industrial & Energy Engineering Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Nanjing 210000,China
  • Received:2022-07-06 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-09-05

摘要:

煤制气废水的污染物含量高、毒性大且抑制性强,在自然环境中降解难度较大,如处理不当会给生态环境和人体健康造成极大影响。煤制气废水的处置也成为煤化工企业绿色安全生产面临的主要瓶颈。厌氧生物技术具备有机负荷高、运行能耗低且资源可回收等多重优势,在煤制气废水处理领域表现出良好的应用前景。根据煤制气废水的来源及水质特点,着重分析了用于处理煤制气废水的主要厌氧生物技术,如传统厌氧消化、上流式厌氧污泥床、厌氧生物滤池、厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床和厌氧流化床,总结了各生物处理体系对总酚等典型水质指标和特征污染物的去除率。此外,以煤制气废水中的酚类化合物、含氮杂环化合物和多环芳烃为特征污染物,阐述其在厌氧生境下的迁移转化路径和微生物降解机理。最后从厌氧反应器的参数优化(水力停留时间、回流比)、污染物厌氧转化路径的多元分析和外源厌氧强化机理(如直接种间电子传递)方面出发,对煤制气废水的厌氧处理进行展望。

关键词: 厌氧, 煤制气废水, 煤化工, 废水处理

Abstract:

Coal gasification wastewater is characterized by high pollutant content, high toxicity and strong inhibition, which is more difficult to degrade in the natural environment and can cause great impact on ecological environment and human health if not treated properly. The disposal of coal gasification wastewater has become the main bottleneck of green and safe production in coal chemical enterprises. Anaerobic biotechnology has many advantages of high organic load, low energy consumption and resource recovery, and shows good application prospects in coal gasification wastewater treatment. Based on the source and water quality of coal gasification wastewater, the main anaerobic biological technologies used to treat coal gasification wastewater, such as traditional anaerobic digestion, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, anaerobic biofilter, expanded granular sludge bed and anaerobic fluidized bed, were analyzed. The typical water quality indexes such as total phenol and removal rates of characteristic pollutants in each biological treatment system were summarized. In addition, phenolic compounds, nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coal gasification wastewater were used as characteristic pollutants, and their transformation pathways and microbial degradation mechanisms in anaerobic habitats were elaborated. Finally, the anaerobic treatment of coal gasification wastewater was prospected in terms of parameter optimization of anaerobic reactor(e.g., hydraulic retention time, reflux ratio), multivariate analysis of anaerobic transformation pathways, and exogenous anaerobic enhancement mechanisms (e.g., direct interspecies electron transfer).

Key words: anaerobic, coal gasification wastewater, coal chemical industry, wastewater treatment

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