摘要： 以铜藻为原料，采用FeCl₃和ZnCl₂作复合活化剂制备铜藻基活性炭（SAC-CA），通过正交实验考察了活化温度、活化时间、浸渍比等因素的影响，确定了最优制备条件，并对SAC-CA的理化性质进行表征。结果表明：SAC-CA的最优制备条件为活化温度500℃、活化时间3 h、m（FeCl₃）：m（ZnCl₂）：m（铜藻）为1：2：1，此时活性炭得率为32.15%。最优工艺下制得的SAC-CA比表面积为1 277.23 m²/g，表面酸性官能团含量为2.5 mmol/g。在pH为8~10的碱性条件下，SAC-CA投加量为2 g/L，Cr（Ⅵ）初始质量浓度为20 mg/L时，SAC-CA对Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率>95%，远高于ZnCl₂或FeCl₃分别作活化剂时的去除率，表明该法适于碱性体系下含Cr（Ⅵ）废水的处理。

关键词: 铜藻, FeCl₃, ZnCl₂, 活性炭, 吸附, 六价铬, 碱性条件

Abstract: Sargassum horneri based activated carbon(SAC-AC) has been prepared by using Sargassum horneri as raw materials,and FeCl₃ and ZnCl₂ as composite activator. By orthogonal tests,the influences of the factors,such as activation temperature,activation time,immersion ratio of Sargassum Horneri and composite activator,etc.,have been investigated,the optimum preparation conditions determined,and the physicochemical properties of SAC-AC chara-cterized. The results show that the optimum preparation conditions of SAC-AC are as follows:activation temperature is 500℃,activation time 3 h and m(FeCl₃):m(ZnCl₂):m(Sargassum Horneri)=1:2:1. At this time,the yield of acti-vated carbon is 32.15%,the specific surface area of SAC-AC obtained by optimum process 1 277.23 m²/g,and the con-tent of surface acidic functional groups 2.5 mmol/g. When pH is 8-10 under alkaline condition,the dosage of SAC-AC 2 g/L and initial mass concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) 20 mg/L,the Cr(Ⅵ) removing rate by SAC-AC is above 95%, which is much higher than the removing rate by using ZnCl₂ or FeCl₃ as activator,respectively. It indicates that this process is suitable for the treatment of wastewater containing Cr(Ⅵ) in alkaline systems.

Key words: Sargassum Horneri, FeCl₃, ZnCl₂, activated carbon, adsorption, Cr(Ⅵ), alkaline condition

中图分类号: 

• X703