水产养殖废水及固体废弃物处理的研究进展

doi:10.11894/iwt.2018-0892

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大规模、集约化的水产养殖基地在养殖期间会定期以清塘的方式外排大量含氮磷、重金属等污染物的废水和固体废弃物，未达标处理的废水和固体废弃物极易导致周边水体等环境介质发生严重污染，给生态安全与人类健康带来潜在威胁。基于水产养殖废水及固体废弃物的组成与特点，总结了当前水产养殖污废的主要处理技术，同时介绍了近年逐渐发展起来的新型养殖模式——多营养级综合养殖模式及其优势，并对今后水产业的可持续发展进行了展望。

关键词: 水产养殖废水, 固体废弃物, 生物处理, 多营养级综合养殖

Abstract:

Substantial wastes from large-scale and intensive aquaculture farms easily lead to complex ecosystem changes in surrounding environment. Moreover, when these wastes are not treated properly and discharged to the environment freely, they brings potential threats to the human health and ecological stability and security. Based on the components and characteristics of aquaculture wastewater and solid wastes, this study summarized the main treatment technologies and introduced a novel aquaculture mode, Integrated Multi-tropic Aquaculture(IMTA). Meanwhile, it was necessary to develop comprehensive treatment methods for the further treatment of aquaculture wastes with sable performance. Finally, the future sustainable development of aquaculture was discussed.

Key words: aquaculture wastewater, solid wastes, biological treatment, integrated multi-tropic aquaculture

中图分类号:

X703

乔卫龙, 张烨, 徐向阳, 朱亮. 水产养殖废水及固体废弃物处理的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2019, 39(10): 26-31.

Weilong Qiao, Ye Zhang, Xiangyang Xu, Liang Zhu. Review on treatment of aquaculture wastewater and wastes[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2019, 39(10): 26-31.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I10/26

图/表 1

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养殖种类	废水水质					文献
养殖种类	COD	TN	NH3-N	TP	pH	文献
南美白对虾	140.8	6.9	1.5	4.5		〔12〕
黄颡鱼	161.0	10.9	8.0	2.2	7.1	〔13〕
黑鱼	70.8	7.2	2.1	0.6		〔14〕
温室甲鱼	99.7	17.6	11.6	3.3		〔15〕
罗非鱼	253.0	18.5		17.5	7.0	〔16〕
石斑鱼	112.0	63.6		6.8	8.5	〔17〕

养殖种类	废水水质					文献
养殖种类	COD	TN	NH3-N	TP	pH	文献
南美白对虾	140.8	6.9	1.5	4.5		〔12〕
黄颡鱼	161.0	10.9	8.0	2.2	7.1	〔13〕
黑鱼	70.8	7.2	2.1	0.6		〔14〕
温室甲鱼	99.7	17.6	11.6	3.3		〔15〕
罗非鱼	253.0	18.5		17.5	7.0	〔16〕
石斑鱼	112.0	63.6		6.8	8.5	〔17〕

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