改性活性炭纤维的制备及对重金属吸附性能的研究

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0650

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过氢氧化钠-高温煅烧法对活性炭纤维（ACF）进行复合改性，制备出改性活性炭纤维ACF-Na-HT，利用扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）等分析手段对改性前后的ACF进行表征。采用ACF-Na-HT对含镉废水进行吸附处理，利用批量实验对不同的影响因素进行探究，并对吸附过程进行热力学及动力学研究。结果表明，ACF-Na-HT对含镉废水的Cd²⁺去除率可达到98%，Cd²⁺吸附量为17.7 mg/g，且吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级吸附动力学模型。

关键词: 活性炭纤维, 改性, 吸附, 镉

Abstract:

Modified activated carbon fiber ACF-Na-HT was prepared by composite modification of activated carbon fiber（ACF） with sodium hydroxide and high temperature calcination. The activated carbon fiber before and after modification was characterized by SEM，FTIR and XRD. Adsorption of heavy metal cadmium contaminated wastewater was studied by ACF-Na-HT，different influencing factors were investigated by batch experiments，and thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption were studied. The results showed that the removal rate of ACF-Na-HT from heavy metal cadmium contaminated wastewater could reach 98% and the adsorption capacity was 17.7 mg/g. The adsorption process is in line with Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and quasi second-order adsorption kinetic model.

Key words: activated carbon fiber, modification, the adsorbent, Cd

中图分类号:

X703.1

成悦, 季伟伟, 邵敏, 万玉山. 改性活性炭纤维的制备及对重金属吸附性能的研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(5): 114-121.

Yue CHENG, Weiwei JI, Min SHAO, Yushan WAN. Preparation of modified activated carbon fiber and the adsorption properties for heavy metals[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(5): 114-121.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I5/114

图/表 14

图1 ACF-0、ACF-Na、ACF-HT、ACF-Na-HT的SEM

Fig. 1 SEM images of the ACF-0，ACF-Na，ACF-HT and ACF-Na-HT

图2 ACF-0和ACF-Na-HT的FTIR

Fig. 2 FTIR spectra of the ACF-0 and ACF-Na-HT

图3 ACF-0和ACF-Na-HT的XRD

Fig. 3 XRD spectra of the ACF-0 and ACF-Na-HT

图4 改性方法对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of modification methods on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图5 吸附时间对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of adsorption time on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图6 ACF-Na-HT投加量对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 6 Effect of dosage of modified activated carbon fiber on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图7 pH对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 7 Effect of pH on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图8 反应温度对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 8 Effect of reaction temperature on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图9 NaOH浓度对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 9 Effect of concentration of NaOH on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图10 Cd²⁺初始质量浓度对Cd²⁺吸附效果的影响

Fig. 10 Effect of initial concentration on removal rates of Cd²⁺

图11 ACF-Na-HT对Cd²⁺的吸附动力学模型

Fig. 11 Adsorption kinetics model of Cd²⁺ by ACF-Na-HT

表 1 ACF-Na-HT对 Cd²⁺的吸附动力学参数

Table 1 Kinetic parameters of Cd²⁺ adsorption by ACF-Na-HT

ACF	准一级动力学模型			准二级动力学模型
ACF	R²	K₁	q_e/（mg∙g^-1）	R²	K₂	q_e/（mg∙g^-1）
ACF-Na-HT	0.914 7	0.388 8	17.454 2	0.998 1	0.036 6	18.151 6

图12 ACF-Na-HT对Cd²⁺的等温吸附模型

Fig. 12 The sorption isotherm of Cd²⁺ by ACF-Na-HT

表2 ACF-Na-HT对 Cd²⁺的吸附等温线参数

Table 2 Adsorption isotherm parameters of ACF-Na-HT for Cd²⁺

ACF	Langmuir吸附模型			Freundlich吸附模型
ACF	Q_m/（mg∙g^-1）	K_L/（L∙g^-1）	R²	n	K_F	R²
ACF-Na-HT	63.605 3	0.006 2	0.994	3.832 5	0.657 0	0.970 6

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