工业水处理 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1-13. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-1032

• 专论与综述 •    下一篇

生物炭吸附水中污染物的性能、机理和环境风险

臧金秋(), 杨传玺, 王小宁, 赵伟华, 王浩策, 肖宜华, 陈栋, 孙好芬, 王炜亮()   

  1. 青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东 青岛 266520
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-13 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-11
  • 作者简介:

    臧金秋(1997— ),硕士研究生。电话:13864621413,E-mail:

    王炜亮,教授。电话:15990905868,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41672340); 山东泰山学者青年专家项目(tsqn201909126); 科技部重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201004)

Performance,mechanism and environmental risk on adsorption removal of pollutants in water using biochar

Jinqiu ZANG(), Chuanxi YANG, Xiaoning WANG, Weihua ZHAO, Haoce WANG, Yihua XIAO, Dong CHEN, Haofen SUN, Weiliang WANG()   

  1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China
  • Received:2023-07-13 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-11

摘要:

生物炭因其比表面积大、表面官能团丰富和孔隙结构发达等优势在废水处理领域具有广阔的应用前景。未改性生物炭对污染物的吸附性能不理想,可通过改性方式提升其吸附性能。总结了生物炭的制备条件(热解温度、升温速率、保温时间)和改性方法(酸/碱改性、老化改性、有机物改性、纳米材料改性、蒸汽改性和球磨改性)对生物炭吸附去除污染物的影响。概括了生物炭对重金属离子和有机污染物的吸附机理,其中生物炭吸附去除重金属离子的相互作用包括静电吸附、离子交换、物理吸附、表面络合、共沉淀等,而吸附去除有机污染物的相互作用包括孔隙填充、疏水作用、π-π电子供体-受体作用、静电吸附、氢键作用。阐述了生物炭在环境治理中的应用,包括吸附重金属离子、吸附有机污染物和生物炭再生。最后指出生物炭在制备和应用方面的环境风险,为高效生物炭吸附剂的设计、应用和环境风险管控提供理论和数据支撑。

关键词: 生物炭, 制备条件, 改性, 吸附, 环境风险

Abstract:

Biochar has a wide application prospect in the field of adsorption removal of pollutants due to its advantages of large specific surface area,rich surface functional groups and pore structure. The adsorption performance of unmodified biochar is not ideal,hence,it is urgent to improve its adsorption performance by modification. The influence of preparation conditions(pyrolysis temperature,heating rate and holding time) and modification methods(acid/base deashing,aging,organic matter modification,nanomaterial composite,steam modification and ball milling modification) was introduced. Then,the mechanism of biochar adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants was summarized. The adsorption interactions of biochar adsorption removal heavy metal ions inclued electrostatic interaction,ion exchange,physical adsorption,surface complexation and co-precipitation,meanwhile,the adsorption interactions of biochar adsorption removal organic pollutants inclued pore filling,hydrophobic interaction,π-π EDA interaction,hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Then,the environmental applications of biochar were reviewed,which included adsorption of heavy metal ions,adsorption of organic pollutants and stability of biochar. Finally,The environmental risks of biochar on preparation process and application process were pointed out in order to provide theoretical and data supporting for the design,application and environmental risk management of highly efficient biochar adsorbents.

Key words: biochar, preparation condition, modification, adsorption, environmental risk

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