摘要：

发酵制药废水生化出水可生化性差，构建一种隔膜电化学耦合Fenton氧化工艺代替普通Fenton氧化预处理发酵制药废水，提高废水B/C且不增加出水无机盐含量。评价了隔膜电化学反应器采用3种不同类型离子隔膜对阴、阳极腔室内废水pH的调节效果及抗氧化性能，优化筛选了Fenton氧化处理的最优工艺条件，并对比分析了传统Fenton氧化工艺与隔膜电化学耦合Fenton氧化工艺处理发酵制药废水的效果及成本。结果表明，3种隔膜降低阳极腔室内废水pH效果强弱排序为CJMC-3型阳离子隔膜>CJMA-3型阴离子隔膜>石棉隔膜，提高阴极腔室内废水pH效果强弱排序为CJMA-3>CJMC-3>石棉隔膜，但石棉隔膜更耐HClO氧化，更具实用性；Fenton氧化工艺的最佳条件为FeSO₄·7H₂O投加量0.3%（以质量分数计），H₂O₂投加量2%（以质量分数计），反应时间120 min；传统Fenton氧化工艺处理后出水电导率增加27.19%，出水B/C提高29.41%，隔膜电化学耦合Fenton氧化工艺比传统Fenton工艺处理后出水电导率降低21.38%，出水B/C提高31.82%，在降低出水无机盐含量和提升B/C方面更有优势；隔膜电化学耦合Fenton氧化工艺运行成本为61.61元/t，比传统Fenton氧化工艺运行成本（53.67元/t）增加14.79%，后期可重点研究如何提高电流效率，以降低新工艺运行吨水能耗。

关键词: 发酵制药废水, 隔膜电化学, Fenton, 调节pH

Abstract:

The biodegradability of fermentation pharmaceutical wastewater is poor. A diaphragm electrochemical coupling Fenton oxidation process was constructed to replace the conventional Fenton oxidation pretreatment of fermentation pharmaceutical wastewater, which improved the B/C of the wastewater without increasing the inorganic salt content of the effluent. The pH regulation effect and antioxidant performance of different types of ion membranes in the anode and cathode chambers of a membrane electrochemical reactor were evaluated. The optimal process conditions for Fenton oxidation treatment were optimized and screened, and the effectiveness and cost of traditional Fenton oxidation and diaphragm electrochemical coupling Fenton oxidation processes for treating fermentation pharmaceutical wastewater were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the order of the effectiveness of the three types of membranes in reducing wastewater pH in the anode chamber was CJMC-3 cationic membrane>CJMA-3 anionic membrane>asbestos membrane. The order of the effectiveness in increasing wastewater pH in the cathode chamber was CJMA-3>CJMC-3>asbestos membrane, while asbestos membrane was more resistant to HClO oxidation and more practical. The optimal process for Fenton oxidation was to add 0.3% FeSO₄·7H₂O and 2% H₂O₂, with reaction time of 120 minutes. After traditional Fenton oxidation treatment, the effluent conductivity increased by 27.19% and the effluent B/C increased by 29.41%. Compared with traditional Fenton process, after diaphragm electrochemical coupling Fenton oxidation treatment, the effluent conductivity decreased by 21.38% and the effluent B/C increased by 31.82%, which had more advantages in reducing the inorganic salt content in the effluent and improving B/C. The operating cost of the diaphragm electrochemical coupling Fenton process was 61.61 yuan/t, which was 14.79% higher than the traditional Fenton oxidation process (53.67 yuan/t). Future research should focus on improving current efficiency to reduce the energy consumption per ton of water in the operation of the new process.

Key words: fermentation pharmaceutical wastewater, diaphragm electrochemical, Fenton, pH regulation

中图分类号: 

• X703