工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 96-103. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0590

• 试验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

厨余发酵液作外加碳源处理电镀废水的效能探究

蔡玲(), 黄显怀(), 王坤   

  1. 安徽建筑大学,环境污染控制与废弃物资源化利用安徽省重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230601
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 黄显怀
  • 作者简介:

    蔡玲(1998— ),硕士,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3205705); 国家自然科学基金项目(52370001)

Investigation on the efficiency of food waste fermentation solution as a supplementary carbon source for electroplating wastewater treatment

Ling CAI(), Xianhuai HUANG(), Kun WANG   

  1. Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Utilization, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
  • Received:2024-11-04 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-09-25
  • Contact: Xianhuai HUANG

摘要:

电镀废水中含有多种重金属离子和高浓度的硝酸盐氮,需要投加大量的碳源来脱氮及维持微生物生长。将厨余垃圾发酵液(R1)与常用碳源葡萄糖(R2)处理电镀废水的效能进行对比,结果表明,R1对总氮、硝酸盐氮、氨氮、COD、混合重金属离子的去除效果均优于R2。在混合重金属离子的胁迫下,R1与R2中胞外聚合物(EPS)的分泌量大量增加,其中蛋白质(PN)含量增加明显,在第90天,R1中紧密结合型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)含量约为R2的1.2倍;混合重金属离子的长期存在激活了抗性机制微生物生成更多的TB-EPS,而TB-EPS会络合重金属离子降低传质速度来阻碍重金属离子直接作用于细胞。在第15天,R1的抑制率达46.8%,R2的抑制率高达87%。对90 d的混合重金属离子污泥负荷进行检测,发现单位质量SS混合重金属离子的污泥负荷为(0.74 ±0.23) mg/g,R1抑制率稳定在31.6%左右,R2抑制率稳定在37.3%左右。厨余发酵液的投加降低了混合重金属离子的抑制作用,提高了处理系统对混合重金属离子的抗冲击负荷能力,所以厨余发酵液可以作为一种优质外加碳源处理电镀废水。

关键词: 电镀废水, 厨余发酵液, 胞外聚合物, 电子体系传递活性, 混合重金属离子

Abstract:

Large volumes of carbon sources must be added to electroplating wastewater to remove nitrogen and sustain microbial development as the wastewater contains high concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and a range of mixed heavy metal ions. In this paper, In the treatment of electroplating wastewater, the effectiveness of food waste fermentation broth(R1) was compared with a widely used carbon source of glucose(R2). The findings indicated that R1 was superior to R2 in the removal of total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, COD, and mixed heavy metal ions. The stress of mixed heavy metal ions caused a significant increase in EPS secretion in R1 and R2,as well as a noticeable rise in PN content. On the 90th day, the content of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) in R1 is approximately 1.2 times that in R2. Prolonged exposure to mixed heavy metal ions triggered the resistance mechanism of microorganisms to produce more TB-EPS, which complexes heavy metal ions to slow down mass transfer and prevent the direct action of heavy metal ions on cells. On day 15, the inhibition rate of R1 reached 46.8%, while that of R2 was as high as 87%. Upon examination of the 90-day mixed heavy metal ion sludge loading, it was discovered that the R1 inhibition rate was stabilized at about 31.6% and the R2 inhibition rate at approximately 37.3% at a mixed heavy metal ion loading of (0.74±0.23) mg/g. Food waste fermentation solution could be used as a high-quality additional carbon source to treat electroplating wastewater as it decreased the inhibition of mixed metal ions and increased the shock load resistance of mixed heavy metal ions in the treatment system.

Key words: electroplating wastewater, kitchen waste fermentation liquid, extracellular polymers, electronic system transfer activity, mixed heavy metal ion

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