工业水处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 17-24. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0279

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

支撑层改性薄膜复合纳滤膜制备的研究进展

钟海媚1,2(), 田华丽2, 王一雯1,3, 姜钦亮1,3(), 韩佩1,3, 詹聪1,3, 陈涛1,3, 桂双林1,3   

  1. 1. 江西省科学院能源研究所温室气体核算与碳减排江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330096
    2. 广西师范大学珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004
    3. 江西省碳中和研究中心,江西 南昌 330096
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 姜钦亮
  • 作者简介:

    钟海媚(1999— ),硕士,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(22468021); 江西省自然科学基金项目(20252BAC240719); 广西青年科学基金项目(2024JJB160225); 江西省重点研发计划重点项目(20212BBG71001); 江西省科学院省级财政经费包干制试点示范资助项目(2023YSBG10004)

Research development on the preparation of thin-film composite nanofiltration membrane with optimized support layers

Haimei ZHONG1,2(), Huali TIAN2, Yiwen WANG1,3, Qinliang JIANG1,3(), Pei HAN1,3, Cong ZHAN1,3, Tao CHEN1,3, Shuanglin GUI1,3   

  1. 1. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Gas Accounting and Carbon Reduction, Institute of Energy Research, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
    3. Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center, Nanchang 330096, China
  • Received:2025-07-15 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-30
  • Contact: Qinliang JIANG

摘要:

纳滤膜是纳滤技术的关键,其性能提升对海水淡化、盐湖提锂及高盐废水处理等领域意义重大。聚酰胺薄膜复合纳滤(TFC)膜的性能不仅受分离层固有特性的影响,多孔支撑层的结构与化学性质也对其分离性能、抗污染性能及长期稳定性具有关键调控作用。系统阐述了支撑层的共混改性(引入有机聚合物、无机纳米材料)和表面改性(涂覆、真空过滤沉淀、原位生长等)方法,分析了改性后支撑层在亲水性、孔隙率及表面形貌等方面的变化,及其对界面聚合反应过程的调控、分离层性能、薄膜复合纳滤膜性能的影响规律。结合近年来支撑层改性纳滤膜聚酰胺层的研究,总结了各类改性策略的优势和局限性,展望了支撑层改性薄膜复合纳滤膜未来的研究方向,为高性能纳滤膜的设计开发与构筑提供理论依据。

关键词: 支撑层, 改性, 聚酰胺层, 薄膜复合膜, 纳滤膜

Abstract:

Nanofiltration membranes are the key components of nanofiltration technology, and their performance improvement is of great significance for seawater desalination, lithium extraction from salt lakes, high-salinity wastewater treatment, and other related fields. The performance of polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membranes is influenced not only by the inherent properties of the separation layer but also critically regulated by the structure and chemical properties of the porous support layer, which significantly impacts separation efficiency, fouling resistance, and long-term stability. This paper systematically reviewed support layer modification techniques, including blending modifications (incorporating organic polymers and inorganic nanomaterials) and surface modifications (coating, vacuum filtration precipitation, in situ growth, etc.). Changes in hydrophilicity, porosity, and surface morphology of modified support layers, along with their regulatory effects on interfacial polymerization processes, separation layer performance, and overall membrane performance were analyzed. Combining recent research on polyamide layers in support-modified nanofiltration membranes, this study summarized the advantages and limitations of various modification strategies and outlined future research directions for support-modified membrane composite nanofiltration membranes. This paper provided a theoretical basis for the design, development, and construction of high-performance nanofiltration membranes.

Key words: support layer, modified, polyamide layer, thin-film composite membrane, nanofiltration membrane

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