摘要：

以废菌渣（MR）为原料，经ZnCl₂ 活化后制得废菌渣活性炭（MRAC），采用电化学方法对吸附苯胺废水产生的饱和MRAC进行再生，考察电流、电解质NaCl浓度、电解时间和pH等因素对于再生效果的影响，并通过正交实验探究最佳的再生条件。结果表明，在pH为5、电流为300 mA、NaCl质量浓度为15 g/L、再生时间为1.5 h的条件下，MRAC再生率高达98.43%，且电化学再生的重复性较好，经6次循环后，再生效果稳定，再生率仍可达87.53%。对再生后和再生前吸附苯胺饱和的MRAC采用FT-IR、BET和SEM进行表征分析，结果表明，再生后的MRAC表面苯胺被脱附，羟基等官能团恢复，BET比表面积和孔容均增加，分别为再生前饱和MRAC的1.54倍和1.36倍，微孔孔径集中在0.4~0.5 nm之间，介孔孔径集中在4 nm处。电镜图像显示电化学再生过程对MRAC的表面结构没有明显损伤，且再生后的MRAC具有丰富的孔结构。

关键词: 废菌渣活性炭, 苯胺, 正交实验, 电化学再生, 吸附

Abstract:

Using waste mushroom residue（MR） as material，mushroom residue activated carbon （MRAC） was produced by ZnCl₂ activation. The saturated MRAC produced by adsorbing aniline wastewater was regenerated by electrochemical method. The influence of current，electrolyte concentration of NaCl，electrolysis time and pH on the regeneration effect was investigated. And the optimal regeneration conditions were explored through orthogonal experiments. The results showed that，under the conditions of pH of 5，current of 300 mA，NaCl mass concentration of 15 g/L，and regeneration time of 1.5 h，the regeneration rate of MRAC was as high as 98.43%，and the repeatability of electrochemical regeneration was good. After six cycles，the regeneration effect was stable，and the regeneration rate could still reach 87.53%. FT-IR，BET and SEM were used to characterize the MRAC after regeneration and the adsorbed aniline-saturated MRAC before regeneration. The results showed that the aniline on the surface of the regenerated MRAC was desorbed，and functional groups such as hydroxyl groups were recovered. The BET specific surface area and pore volume of the MRAC after regeneration increased，and they were 1.54 times and 1.36 times that of unregenerated saturated MRAC，respectively. The pore size of micropores was concentrated between 0.4 and 0.5 nm，and the pore size of mesopores was concentrated at 4 nm. Electron microscope images showed that the electrochemical regeneration process did not significantly damage the surface structure of MRAC，and the regenerated MRAC had abundant pore structure.

Key words: mushroom residue activated carbon, aniline, orthogonal experiment, electrochemical regeneration, adsorption

中图分类号: 

• X712