机械蒸汽再压缩耦合中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统试验

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2023-0612

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解决工业废水处理过程中分离效率低、运行能耗高的问题，设计搭建了一套新型的机械蒸汽再压缩（MVR）耦合中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统，考察了耦合系统的运行特性，并开展了不同进料条件及长时间运行下系统对氯化铵溶液蒸发的试验研究。结果表明，当进料液氯化铵质量分数、进料液温度、进料液流量和真空侧压力分别为5%、75 ℃、10 m³/h和24 kPa时，产水速率和产水电导率基本稳定在45.9 kg/h和11.9 μS/cm，分离效率为99.9%，单位加热能耗（SHEC）为118.5 kW·h/t。随着进料液氯化铵质量分数的增加，产水速率减小，SHEC增加；而随着进料液温度和进料液流量增加，产水速率增加，SHEC减小。经过240 h运行试验，膜污染并未明显影响产水水质，但降低了产水速率，经膜清洗后，产水速率可恢复至原来的96.1%，该系统能够高效分离氯化铵溶液，回收能源，应用前景非常广阔。

关键词: 机械蒸汽再压缩, 中空纤维, 真空膜蒸馏, 产水速率, 分离效率, 单位加热能耗

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of low separation efficiency and high energy consumption in the industrial wastewater treatment, a combined system of mechanical vapor recompression and hollow fiber vacuum membrane distillation was constructed. The operational characteristics of the coupled system were investigated, and experimental studies were conducted on the evaporation of ammonium chloride solution under different feed conditions and long-term operation. The results indicated that as ammonium chloride mass concentration, feed temperature, feed flow rate and vacuum side pressure were 5%, 75 ℃, 10 m³/hand 24 kPa, the freshwater production ratio, freshwater conductivity, separation efficiency and specific heating energy consumption(SHEC) were obtained as 45.9 kg/h, 11.9 μS/cm, 99.9% and 118.5 kW·h/t. In addition, the increase of ammonium chloride mass concentration decreased the freshwater production ratio and increased the SHEC, while the increase of feed temperature and feed flow rate increased the freshwater production ratio and decreased the SHEC. After 240 h of long term operation, membrane fouling did not significantly affect the freshwater quality, but reduced the freshwater production ratio. The water production rate was restored to 96.1% of the original through membrane cleaning. The system can separate the ammonia chloride solution with high efficiency and has a broad application prospect.

Key words: mechanical vapor recompression, hollow fiber, vacuum membrane distillation, freshwater production ratio, separation efficiency, specific heating energy consumption

中图分类号:

TK5
X703.1

邓龙, 司泽田, 李卓豪, 张永发. 机械蒸汽再压缩耦合中空纤维真空膜蒸馏系统试验[J]. 工业水处理, 2024, 44(7): 150-155.

Long DENG, Zetian SI, Zhuohao LI, Yongfa ZHANG. Experimental study on vacuum membrane distillation system of hollow fiber coupled with mechanical vapor recompression[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2024, 44(7): 150-155.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I7/150

图/表 9

表1 氯化铵溶液水质

Table 1 Water quality of ammonium chloride solution

项目	数值
氯化铵质量分数/%	5	10	15	20
电导率/（mS·cm^-1）	57.5	92.0	115.9	131.3

图1 MVR耦合真空膜蒸馏系统流程

Fig.1 Flow diagram of mechanical vapor recompression and vacuum membrane distillation system

图2 MVR耦合真空膜蒸馏系统试验装置

Fig.2 Experimental device of the mechanical vapor recompression and vacuum membrane distillation system

图3 各测点温度随运行时间的变化

Fig.3 Effects of operation time on each measuring point temperature

图4 蒸汽压缩机进、出口蒸汽压力、产水速率和产水电导率随运行时间的变化

Fig.4 Effects of operation time on compressor inlet，outlet pressure，freshwater production ratio and freshwater production conductivity

图5 氯化铵质量分数对产水速率、SHEC和产水电导率的影响

Fig.5 Effects of feed mass fraction on freshwater production ratio，SHEC，and freshwater conductivity

图6 进料液温度对产水速率、SHEC和产水电导率的影响

Fig.6 Effects of feed temperature on freshwater production ratio，SHEC，and freshwater conductivity

图7 进料液流量对产水速率、SHEC和产水电导率的影响

Fig.7 Effects of feed flow rate on freshwater production ratio，SHEC，and freshwater conductivity

图8 长期运行结果

Fig.8 Long term operation results

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