双极性电絮凝系统去除微塑料及有机物

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0814

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用双极性电絮凝系统处理模拟纺织废水，探究其对废水中微塑料、色度和COD的去除效果，并揭示电絮凝对微塑料和有机物的去除机理。结果表明，双极性铝电极比双极性铁电极腐蚀更为严重，电化学溶解反应更活跃，且易于产生絮凝剂，进而有利于处理模拟纺织废水。采用铝双极性电极电絮凝体系处理模拟废水，在pH=7.5，电解质（NaCl）质量浓度为6 g/L，电流密度为8 A/m²的最佳条件下，微塑料、色度和COD的去除率分别为98.4%、99.2%和74.5%。电絮凝系统对微塑料、有机物的去除符合Langmuir模型和拟二级动力学方程，热力学分析表明絮体对微塑料、有机物的吸附为自发的吸热过程。

关键词: 微塑料, 有机物, 双极性电絮凝, 吸附

Abstract:

The bipolar electrocoagulation system was used to treat simulated textile wastewater, and its removal effects on microplastics, chromaticity and COD in wastewater were explored, while the adsorption mechanisms of electrocoagulation on microplastics and organic matters were revealed. The results showed that the corrosion of bipolar Al electrode was more severe than that of bipolar Fe electrode, the electrochemical dissolution reaction was more active, and flocculants were easy to generate, which was conducive to the treatment of simulated textile wastewater. The removal rates of microplastics, chromaticity and COD were 98.4%, 99.2% and 74.5%, respectively, under the optimal conditions of pH=7.5, electrolyte (NaCl) concentration of 6 g/L and current density of 8 A/m². The adsorption process of microplastics and organic matters by the electrocoagulation system conformed to the Langmuir model and quasi-second-order kinetic equation, and the thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of microplastics and organic matters by the flocculation system were spontaneous endothermic processes.

Key words: microplastics, organic matter, bipolar electrocoagulation, adsorption

中图分类号:

TU992

李微, 刘玲玲, 齐建华, 陈一鸣, 高原. 双极性电絮凝系统去除微塑料及有机物[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(10): 110-120.

Wei LI, Lingling LIU, Jianhua QI, Yiming CHEN, Yuan GAO. Removal of microplastics and organic matters by bipolar eltrocoagulation system[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(10): 110-120.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I10/110

图/表 11

图1 双极性电极电絮凝系统示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the electric flocculation system with the bipolar electrode

图2 双极性铁、铝电极对电絮凝系统中微塑料（a）、色度（b）和COD（c）的去除

Fig.2 The removal of microplastics（a），chroma（b）and COD（c） in the electrocoagulation system by bipolar iron and aluminum electrodes

图3 pH对电絮凝系统中微塑料（a）、色度（b）和COD（c）去除的影响

Fig.3 Effects of pH on the removal of microplastics（a），chroma（b），and COD （c）in the electrocoagulation system

图4 电解质浓度对电絮凝系统中微塑料（a）、色度（b）和COD（c）去除率的影响

Fig.4 Effect of electrolyte concentration on the removal rate of microplastics（a），chroma（b） and COD （c）in the electrocoagulation system

图5 电流密度对电絮凝系统中微塑料（a）、色度（b）和COD（c）去除率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of current density on the removal rate of microplastics（a），chromaticity（b），and COD （c）in the electrocoagulation system

图6 实验后双极性电极的表面形貌

Fig.6 Surface topography of bipolar electrodes after test

图7 电絮凝系统对微塑料和有机物的等温吸附拟合曲线

Fig.7 Isothermal adsorption fitting curves of microplastics and organic matter by electrocoagulation system

表1 等温吸附拟合参数

Table 1 Fitting parameters of isothermal adsorption

污染物	T/K	Langmuir			Freundlich
污染物	T/K	q _max/（mg·g^-1）	K _L	R ²	K _F	1/n	R ²
微塑料	298.15	6.691 3	0.115 7	0.882 6	1.274 5	0.424 4	0.812 6
	303.15	7.238 7	0.111 6	0.941 9	1.290 5	0.444 7	0.885 6
	308.15	7.204 8	0.105 0	0.922 5	1.231 7	0.451 7	0.869 1
COD	298.15	22.350 2	0.142 0	0.981 0	13.506 7	-16.889 3	0.969 1
	303.15	17.970 2	0.132 1	0.964 5	9.963 2	-22.898 2	0.961 1
	308.15	18.458 3	0.122 9	0.961 5	10.026 6	-20.949 9	0.949 9

表2 微塑料、有机物吸附的热力学参数

Table 2 Thermodynamic parameters of microplastics and organic matter adsorption

污染物	T/K	热力学参数
污染物	T/K	ΔG/（kJ·mol^-1）	ΔH/（kJ·mol^-1）	ΔS/（J·mol^-1·K^-1）
微塑料	288.15	-3.76	34.13	126.46
	303.15	-6.13
	313.15	-7.53
COD	288.15	-5.26	14.21	67.84
	303.15	-6.53
	313.15	-7.27

图8 微塑料和有机物去除的反应动力学拟合曲线

Fig.8 Reaction kinetics fitting curves of removal of microplastics and organic matter

表3 动力学拟合参数

Table 3 Dynamics fitting parameters

污染物	拟一级反应动力学模型			拟二级反应动力学模型
污染物	k ₁/min^-1	q _e/（mg·g^-1）	R ²	k ₂/（g·mg^-1·min^-1）	q _e/（mg·g^-1）	R ²
微塑料	0.464 2	17.337	0.723 8	0.078 7	17.825	0.998
COD	0.464 7	23.091	0.944 2	0.006 9	57.803	0.998

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