摘要：

随着土霉素（OTC）的大量使用，猪场废水中OTC污染日益严重，威胁周边环境和生态安全。为有效处理含OTC的猪场废水，将OTC降解菌进行固定化制备了固定化菌剂IKS1，将其加入到序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）中对废水进行强化处理。首先通过正交试验优化SBR的运行参数，之后向SBR投加IKS1评估IKS1对SBR性能的影响，并分析系统微生物群落变化。研究结果表明，SBR的最佳运行参数为进水20 min、搅拌240 min、曝气360 min、沉淀60 min、排水10 min、闲置30 min，充水比30%，溶解氧（DO）为2 mg/L，污泥龄为10 d，在此最佳条件下，COD、氨氮、总磷和OTC的去除率分别为80%、82%、85%和55%。添加IKS1运行20 d后，COD、氨氮、总磷和OTC的降解率分别提高至84%、90%、93%和95%，表明IKS1显著增强了SBR对OTC的降解效果，并且使得SBR对常规污染物的去除效果也有所改善。高通量测序结果显示，添加IKS1后，Proteobacteria菌门、Actinobacteriota菌门和unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae菌属的相对丰度明显增加，表明其能富集反应器中的优势微生物群落，增强对多种污染物的降解效果。

关键词: SBR, 生物强化, 土霉素, 猪场废水, 参数优化

Abstract:

With the massive use of oxytetracycline(OTC), OTC pollution in pig farm wastewater is becoming increasingly severe, posing a threat to the surrounding environment and ecological security. To effectively treat pig farm wastewater containing OTC, an immobilized bacteria IKS1 was prepared by immobilizing OTC degrading bacteria. It was added to the sequencing batch reactor(SBR) for enhanced wastewater treatment. Firstly, the operating parameters of SBR were optimized through orthogonal experiments. The IKS1 was added to the SBR in order to evaluate the impact of IKS1 on SBR performance and analyze changes in the microbial community of the system. The results showed that the optimal operating parameters of SBR were inflow of 20 min, stirring of 240 min, aeration of 360 min, precipitation of 60 min, drainage of 10 min, idling of 30 min, water filling ratio of 30%, dissolved oxygen concentration of 2 mg/L, sludge age of 10 days. Under the optimal conditions, the degradation rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and OTC were 80%, 82%, 85% and 55%, respectively. After 20 days of operation with IKS1, the degradation rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and OTC increased to 84%, 90%, 93% and 95%, respectively, indicating that IKS1 significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency of OTC and improved the removal of conventional pollutants. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and unclassified_f__Comamonadaceae increased significantly after the addition of IKS1, indicating that IKS1 could enrich the dominant microbial communities in the reactor and enhance the degradation effect on multiple pollutants.

Key words: SBR, biological enhancement, oxytetracycline, pig farm wastewater, parameter optimization

中图分类号: 

• X52