摘要：

屠宰废水是我国食品工业主要污染源之一，可生化性好，水质波动较大，并含有大量氮、磷等元素。而传统生化工艺的脱氮除磷能力有限。将铁碳床与SBR联用处理屠宰废水，考察铁碳床-SBR耦合工艺对屠宰废水中COD_Cr、BOD₅、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除效果。研究结果表明，铁碳床-SBR耦合工艺中Fe的溶出提升了SBR处理效果。SBR工作周期为8 h、好氧阶段曝气量为5 L/min、内循环流量0.3 L/min、pH维持在6.5~7.8、采用9 cm厚度铁碳床时，COD_Cr、BOD₅、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除率分别达到94.2%、96.2%、86.6%、84.5%、95.6%。平均出水指标能达到《屠宰及肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准（征求意见稿）》（氨氮 < 8 mg/L、总氮 < 20 mg/L、总磷 < 1.0 mg/L）的排放要求。

关键词: 铁碳床, SBR工艺, 屠宰废水, 铁溶出

Abstract:

Slaughter wastewater is one of the main pollution sources of food industry in China. It has good biodegradability, great fluctuation of water quality and contains a lot of nitrogen and phosphorus. However, the traditional biochemical process couldn't effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater. Iron-carbon beds were combined with SBR for the treatment of slaughter wastewater. The removal rate of COD_Cr, BOD₅, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in slaughter wastewater by iron-carbon bed-SBR coupling process was investigated. The results showed that the dissolution of Fe in the iron-carbon bed-SBR coupling process enhanced the performance of SBR treatment. Under the optimum condition of 8 h operating period, aeration demand of 5 L/min in aerobic stage, internal circulation flow rate of 0.3 L/min, and pH of 6.5-7.8, with 9 cm thick iron-carbon bed, the removal rates of COD_Cr, BOD₅, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 94.2%, 96.2%, 86.6%, 84.5% and 95.6%, respectively. The average effluent concentration met the emission requirements of the Draft of Water Pollutant Discharge Standards for Slaughter and Meat Processing Industry, in which ammonia nitrogen < 8 mg/L, total nitrogen < 20 mg/L, and total phosphorus < 1.0 mg/L.

Key words: iron-carbon bed, SBR process, slaughter wastewater, iron dissolution

中图分类号: 

• X703