盐度对悬浮填料式SBR工艺处理性能及微生物群落的影响

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2022-0370

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究不同盐度对悬浮填料式SBR工艺处理性能以及悬浮填料上附着微生物群落结构的影响，在进水盐度为0、5、10、15 g/L的4个梯度下，对SBR1（对照组，不添加填料）和SBR2（添加30%有效容积的悬浮填料式SBR工艺）2组工艺的COD和NH₄⁺-N去除性能进行研究，并采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析了悬浮填料中微生物的群落特征。实验结果表明：当盐度从0增加至15 g/L时，SBR1系统COD和NH₄⁺-N平均去除率分别从92.6%、92.5%降至64.7%、68.2%，SBR2则是从96.0%、94.2%降至67.8%、73.8%，2个系统COD、NH₄⁺-N的平均去除率均受到盐度影响而下降，且相比于COD，系统对NH₄⁺-N的降解效果更好，此外，SBR2系统对COD、NH₄⁺-N的去除效果始终强于SBR1系统；悬浮填料上附着微生物中主要优势门为变形菌门和拟杆菌门，其相对丰度维持在77%以上；Epsilonbacteraeota的丰富度随着盐度的升高呈明显的上升趋势；随着盐度的增加，悬浮填料上微生物的群落多样性逐渐减少，但在中间盐度（5 g/L）时微生物的丰富度会增加。研究从微生物群落特征的角度，探讨了盐度渐增对微生物群落结构和多样性的影响，可为高盐胁迫下悬浮填料式SBR系统中COD和NH₄⁺-N的去除机制研究提供参考。

关键词: 悬浮填料, SBR工艺, 盐度, 多样性, 丰富度

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of salinity on the performance of suspended packing SBR process and the microbial community structure attached to suspended packing，the removal performance of COD and NH₄⁺-N in SBR1（control group without filler） and SBR2（suspended filler SBR process with 30% effective volume） processes was studied under four gradients influent salinity of 0，5，10，15 g/L. The characteristics of microbial community were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. Experiments results showed that，salinity reduced the removal performance of COD and NH₄⁺-N in SBR system. When salinity increased from 0 to 15 g/L，the removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N in SBR1 system decreased from 92.6% and 92.5% to 64.7% and 68.2%，respectively，and that of SBR2 decreased from 96.0% and 94.2% to 67.8% and 73.8%. The average removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N in the two systems were inhibited by salinity，and compared with COD，NH₄⁺-N had better degradation effect，and the removal effect of SBR2 system was always better than that of SBR1 system. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla，and their relative abundance was more than 77%. The abundance of Epsilonbacteraeota showed an obvious upward trend with the increase of salinity，and it was suitable for the growth and reproduction of salt-tolerant bacteria in high salinity environment. The community diversity of microorganisms on the suspended filler decreased with increasing salinity，but their richness increased in microorganisms at intermediate salinity（5 g/L）. From the perspective of microbial community characteristics，this study discussed the effects of increasing salinity on microbial community structure and diversity，which could provide reference for the study of COD and NH₄⁺-N removal mechanism in suspended carrier SBR system under high salt stress.

Key words: suspension packing, SBR process, salinity, diversity, richness

中图分类号:

X832

吴亮, 杨英, 李卫华, 程晓蕾, 程志龙, 周语桐, 张田田. 盐度对悬浮填料式SBR工艺处理性能及微生物群落的影响[J]. 工业水处理, 2023, 43(3): 150-157.

Liang WU, Ying YANG, Weihua LI, Xiaolei CHENG, Zhilong CHENG, Yutong ZHOU, Tiantian ZHANG. Effects of salinity on treatment performance and microbial community of suspended carrier SBR[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2023, 43(3): 150-157.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I3/150

图/表 10

图1 实验装置

Fig. 1 Experimental setup

表1 人工配水成分

Table 1 Simulated water composition

营养元素	药品名称	质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
碳源	葡萄糖	700±100
氮源	氯化铵	30±10
磷源	磷酸二氢钾	7~8
微量元素	微量元素溶液	0.5

表2 微量元素溶液成分

Table 2 Composition of trace element solution

药品名称	质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
碘化钾	18
氯化铁	150
氯化钴	15
硼酸	15
四水氯化锰	12
硫酸锌	12
钼酸钠	6
硫酸铜	3
乙二胺四乙酸二钠	100

图2 测序流程图

Fig. 2 Sequencing flow chart

图3 SBR1（a）和SBR2（b）系统中COD、NH₄⁺-N去除率的变化

Fig.3 Changes in the removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N in the SBR1（a） and SBR2（b） systems

图4 SBR1、SBR2系统对COD、NH₄⁺-N的平均去除率

Fig. 4 Average removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N of the SBR1 and SBR2 systems

图5 门（a）和属（b）的水平物种组成柱状图

Fig.5 Bar charts of the species composition of the Phyla（a） and Genera（b）

图6 OTU水平韦恩图

Fig. 6 Venn diagram of OTU

图7 基于Binary_Jaccard算法的样品UPGMA聚类树

Fig. 7 UPGMA sample clustering tree based on Binary_ Jaccard algorithm

表3 α多样性分析

Table 3 Alphadiversityanalysis

样品名称	Feature	ACE	Chao1	Simpson	Shannon	PD_whole_tree	Coverage
N0	578	592.648 0	603.551 7	0.963 8	6.369 0	37.786 9	0.999 2
N1	614	631.708 6	633.708 3	0.954 3	6.213 2	39.813 6	0.998 9
N2	564	599.814 8	616.500 0	0.951 3	5.563 4	37.090 8	0.998 6
N3	422	478.258 4	490.018 2	0.857 8	4.135 3	30.439 3	0.998 2

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