工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 29-38. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0836

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

微电解技术处理工业废水的研究进展

王森1,2(), 同少华1(), 高晓军3, 井小平4, 王文峰5, 孙红芳4   

  1. 1. 陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710021
    2. 中国轻工业水污染控制工程技术研究 中心,陕西 西安 710021
    3. 西安益维普泰环保股份有限公司,陕西 西安 710000
    4. 西安净水处理 有限责任公司,陕西 西安 710000
    5. 光大水务(咸阳)有限公司,陕西 咸阳 712042
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-13 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 同少华
  • 作者简介:

    王森(1979— ),博士,教授,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(24JC017); 2024年咸阳市重点研发计划项目(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-SF-0017)

Research progress of microelectrolysis technology for industrial wastewater treatment

Sen WANG1,2(), Shaohua TONG1(), Xiaojun GAO3, Xiaoping JING4, Wenfeng WANG5, Hongfang SUN4   

  1. 1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
    2. China Light Industry Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi’an 710021, China
    3. Xi’an Yiwei Putai Environmental Protection Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710000, China
    4. Xi’an Water Treatment Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710000, China
    5. Everbright Water Co. , Ltd. of Xianyang, Xianyang 712042, China
  • Received:2025-05-13 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Shaohua TONG

摘要:

工业废水具有成分复杂、排放量大以及毒性强等特征,若处理不当将对生态环境和人类健康造成巨大威胁。微电解技术已成为工业废水处理领域广泛应用的关键技术之一,具有操作简单、处理稳定性强、适用面广、处理成本低等优点,但存在电极材料易钝化、填料长期运行可靠性不足等问题。基于此,重点介绍了基于金属-活性炭(铁碳、铝碳、锰碳、镁碳体系)及金属-不同阴极(双金属、生物炭基体系)两大类微电解体系的特性及应用情况,深入剖析了微电解技术降解污染物的4种反应机理,分析了不同微电解体系应用于工业废水处理时在处理效果、经济成本等多维度的综合效益,并总结了微电解强化技术(超声强化、三元微电解)的原理和应用实例,最后指出了当前微电解技术在实际应用中尚存在的局限性,并给出了未来研究及发展方向。

关键词: 工业废水, 微电解技术, 氧化还原, 强化微电解

Abstract:

Industrial wastewater is characterized by complex composition, large discharge and strong toxicity, which will pose a great threat to the ecological environment and human health if it is not treated properly. Microelectrolysis technology has become one of the key technologies widely used in the field of industrial wastewater treatment, which has the advantages of simple operation, strong treatment stability, wide applicability, and low treatment cost, etc. However, there are problems such as easy passivation of electrode materials and insufficient reliability of fillers for long-term operation. Based on this, the characteristics and application of two types of microelectrolysis systems, metal-activated carbon (iron-carbon, aluminum-carbon, manganese-carbon, magnesium-carbon) and metal-different cathodes (bimetallic, biochar based system) were emphasized. The four reaction mechanisms of pollutant degradation by microelectrolysis technology were deeply analyzed. The comprehensive benefits of different microelectrolysis systems in terms of treatment effect, economic cost were analyzed when applied to industrial wastewater treatment. The principles and application examples of microelectrolysis enhancement technology (ultrasonic enhancement, ternary microelectrolysis system) were summarized. Finally, the limitations of current microelectrolysis technology in practical applications were pointed out, and its future research and development directions were proposed.

Key words: industrial wastewater, microelectrolysis technology, redox, enhanced microelectrolysis

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