Study on the treatment of ammonia soap raffinate by the combined process of sulfide precipitation, calcium precipitation and stripping

doi:10.11894/iwt.2020-0061

Abstract

Abstract:

荆门市某镍生产企业针对生产过程中产生的氨皂萃余液的水质特点，采用"硫化沉淀+钙法沉淀+汽提"的组合工艺对其进行处理。运行结果表明，该工艺处理效果良好，处理出水满足《污水综合排放标准》（GB 8978-1996）的三级标准，且该工艺可回收金属镍、石膏和氨水，减少了钠盐排放。相比传统处理工艺，该工艺更加满足环保要求，具有极大的成本优势。

Key words: 氨皂萃余液, 硫化沉淀, 钙法沉淀, 汽提

摘要：

关键词: 氨皂萃余液, 硫化沉淀, 钙法沉淀, 汽提

CLC Number:

X703.1

涛柳,鑫徐,小东严,琼丽王,太山谈. Study on the treatment of ammonia soap raffinate by the combined process of sulfide precipitation, calcium precipitation and stripping[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2020, 40(10): 120-122.

柳涛,徐鑫,严小东,王琼丽,谈太山. “硫化+钙法+汽提”工艺处理氨皂萃余液研究[J]. 工业水处理, 2020, 40(10): 120-122.

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URL: https://www.iwt.cn/EN/10.11894/iwt.2020-0061

https://www.iwt.cn/EN/Y2020/V40/I10/120

Figures/Tables 10

References 6

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项目	控制参数
进水pH	8~9
硫化钠用量	废水中钴、镍理论反应值的1.1~1.2倍
氢氧化钙用量	控制石膏反应釜内废水pH在11.8~12.2
汽提塔釜液温度	103~106 ℃
汽提塔塔顶温度	93~96 ℃
石膏含水率	20%以内
氨水质量分数	18%~20%

项目	控制参数
进水pH	8~9
硫化钠用量	废水中钴、镍理论反应值的1.1~1.2倍
氢氧化钙用量	控制石膏反应釜内废水pH在11.8~12.2
汽提塔釜液温度	103~106 ℃
汽提塔塔顶温度	93~96 ℃
石膏含水率	20%以内
氨水质量分数	18%~20%

序号	名称	材质	规格或型号
1	原水收集池	碳钢防腐	20 m×15 m×10 m，3 000 m³，密闭。带吸气口/进出液口/仪表安装口/排空口和爬梯围栏等
2	硫化反应釜	碳钢防腐	D 4.4 m×6 m，密封容器。带进出液口/排空口/搅拌器安装口/吸气口/仪表安装口/加药口等，带配套搅拌机系统，要求搅拌机变频工作
3	板框压滤机	滤布防酸碱腐蚀	超高分子质量聚乙烯，400 m²。自动拉板，气动压滤；进料口1个，公称直径200 mm；滤液出口2个，公称直径150 mm；进气口1个，公称直径65 mm；明流式，带滤液收集管
4	浆化槽	碳钢防腐	D 3 m×3 m，立式储槽，密闭。带吸气口/进料口/进水口等，带配套搅拌机，要求搅拌机变频工作
5	1^#辐流沉淀池	碳钢防腐	D 11 m×5 m，密闭带槽盖，配刮泥装置

序号	名称	材质	规格或型号
1	原水收集池	碳钢防腐	20 m×15 m×10 m，3 000 m³，密闭。带吸气口/进出液口/仪表安装口/排空口和爬梯围栏等
2	硫化反应釜	碳钢防腐	D 4.4 m×6 m，密封容器。带进出液口/排空口/搅拌器安装口/吸气口/仪表安装口/加药口等，带配套搅拌机系统，要求搅拌机变频工作
3	板框压滤机	滤布防酸碱腐蚀	超高分子质量聚乙烯，400 m²。自动拉板，气动压滤；进料口1个，公称直径200 mm；滤液出口2个，公称直径150 mm；进气口1个，公称直径65 mm；明流式，带滤液收集管
4	浆化槽	碳钢防腐	D 3 m×3 m，立式储槽，密闭。带吸气口/进料口/进水口等，带配套搅拌机，要求搅拌机变频工作
5	1^#辐流沉淀池	碳钢防腐	D 11 m×5 m，密闭带槽盖，配刮泥装置

序号	名称	材质	规格或型号
1	石膏反应釜	碳钢防腐	D 4.4 m×6 m，立式储槽，密闭。带吸气口，带配套搅拌机系统，要求搅拌机变频工作
2	石膏旋流分离器	316L	12组件（单件D 150 mm，能通过系统PLC实现自动切换），总处理水量170 m³/h
3	石膏压滤机	316L
4	2^#辐流沉淀池	碳钢防腐	D 11 m×5 m，密闭带槽盖，配刮泥装置
5	表面过滤器	316L	处理量80 m³/h，过滤精度0.5~1 μm

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Study on the treatment of ammonia soap raffinate by the combined process of sulfide precipitation, calcium precipitation and stripping

“硫化+钙法+汽提”工艺处理氨皂萃余液研究

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序号	名称	规格型号	材质
1	汽提精馏塔	ZZ-JLT-2300-31000	塔体：2205（提馏段）/316（精馏段）；提馏段塔板/塔内件：2205；精馏段填料内件：316L；平台爬梯：304/CS；保温保护层：304
2	氨水冷凝器	ZZ-LNQ-416	304/CS
3	预热器	ZZ-HRQ-255	316L/CS
4	氨水冷却器	ZZ-LQQ-005	304/CS
5	氨气吸收塔	D 900×1 600	316/CS
6	泵冷却液冷却器	ZZ-LQQ-005	304/CS
7	凉水塔	BL-1500	组合件，高温填料和材质，温度＞60 ℃

项目	检测结果	回用要求	是否满足使用要求
氨水质量分数/%	18.0~20.0	18~22	是
铁/（mg·L^-1）	0.1~0.2	< 1	是
硅/（mg·L^-1）	0.1	< 1	是
钙/（mg·L^-1）	0.1~0.4	< 1	是
镁/（mg·L^-1）	0.1	< 1	是

项目	检测结果	企业标准要求	是否满足使用要求
硫酸钙质量分数/%	92.0~94.0（干基）	>90.0（干基）	是
镍质量分数/%	0.004 0	—	是
钴质量分数/%	0.001 0	—	是
水分/%	20	< 25	是

项目	硫化+钙法+汽提工艺			传统工艺
项目	废水	石膏	氨水	废水	硫酸铵
产量	75/（万m³·a^-1）	10.46/（万t·a^-1）	10/（万m³·a^-1）	75/（万m³·a^-1）	1.88/（万t·a^-1）
处理成本/（万元·a^-1）	9 000	—	—	4 875	—
效益/（万元·a^-1）	—	313.8	10 000	—	1 880
合计/（万元·a^-1）		+1 313.8		-2 995

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Study on the treatment of ammonia soap raffinate by the combined process of sulfide precipitation, calcium precipitation and stripping

“硫化+钙法+汽提”工艺处理氨皂萃余液研究

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