摘要：

采用单价选择性离子交换膜电渗析对污酸中的重金属离子进行分离。考察了电流密度、流量、电压及酸度对H⁺、Zn²⁺和Cd²⁺分离效率的影响。结果表明，污酸酸度（质量分数）为5%，Zn²⁺和Cd²⁺初始质量浓度分别为20、5 mg/L，电流密度为25 mA/cm²，淡水室和浓水室流量均为15 L/h，电渗析装置运行168 min时，淡水室中H⁺透过率为85%，Zn²⁺和Cd²⁺泄漏率均为12.86%，重金属离子截留率较高，达到分离污酸中重金属离子的目的。

关键词: 选择性离子交换膜, 电渗析, 酸性重金属废水, 废酸

Abstract:

The separation of heavy metal ions in waste acid is studied by electrodialysis using a monovalent selective ion exchange membrane. The effects of current density, flow rate, voltage and acidity on the separation efficiency of H⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are investigated, respectively. The results show that when the acidity of waste acid is 5%, the initial concentrations of Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are 20 mg/L, 5 mg/L, the current density is 25 mA/cm², the flow rate of freshwater and concentrated water is 15 L/h, and the electrodialysis device operated for 168 minutes, the H⁺ transmittance in the freshwater chamber is 85%, and the Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ leakage rates are 12.86%. The method has a high retention rate of heavy metal ions, which achieves the purpose of separating heavy metal ions in the waste acid.

Key words: selective ion exchange membrane, electrodialysis, acidic heavy metal wastewater, waste acid

中图分类号: 

• X703

• P747+.3