工业水处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 29-44. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0226

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

一体式PN/A工艺的快速启动和稳定运行策略

王思琦1,2(), 张连2, 刘旭2, 吴秉奇2, 张其殿2, 陈福明2, 刘淑杰2, 董文艺1(), 阳立平3   

  1. 1. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)生态环境学院,广东 深圳 518055
    2. 清研环境科技股份有限公司,广东 深圳 518057
    3. 深圳高速环境有限公司,广东 深圳 518001
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-20 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 董文艺
  • 作者简介:

    王思琦(1992— ),博士研究生,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    深圳市可持续发展专项项目(KCXFZ20211020163556020)

Strategies for fast start-up and stable operation of integrated PN/A process

Siqi WANG1,2(), Lian ZHANG2, Xu LIU2, Bingqi WU2, Qidian ZHANG2, Fuming CHEN2, Shujie LIU2, Wenyi DONG1(), Liping YANG3   

  1. 1. School of Ecology and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
    2. Qingyan Environmental Technology Co. , Ltd. , Shenzhen 518057, China
    3. Shenzhen Expressway Environment Co. , Ltd. , Shenzhen 518001, China
  • Received:2025-06-20 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-03-03
  • Contact: Wenyi DONG

摘要:

一体式短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺因具有占地少、低成本、低能耗的优势,在高氨氮废水生物脱氮领域备受关注。针对一体式PN/A工艺的工程应用难题,结合现有研究成果和应用实例,系统总结相应的解决策略以及实践经验。首先针对一体式PN/A工艺启动周期较长的问题,综述了采用生物膜、颗粒污泥或生物膜-活性污泥复合系统以及外源添加化学物质和物理场等优化途径,以强化厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)生物质持留,提升AnAOB活性,缩短工艺启动时间。随后,进一步指出通过联合调控关键环境因素和污泥停留时间(SRT),并降低进水有机物浓度等手段,可有效维持氨氧化菌(AOB)与AnAOB的平衡,同时抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)与异养菌(HB)的活性,从而保障一体式PN/A工艺的长期稳定运行。最后,对未来的优化方向进行了展望,以期为一体式PN/A工艺的进一步推广和应用提供参考。

关键词: 短程硝化, 厌氧氨氧化, 脱氮, 工程应用

Abstract:

The integrated partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(PN/A) process has attracted much attention in biological nitrogen removal of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater due to its advantages of small footprint, low cost and low energy consumption. In this paper, aiming at the engineering application problems of integrated PN/A process, the corresponding strategies and practical experience were systematically summarized by combining the existing research results with application examples. Firstly, in order to solve the problem of slow start-up of the integrated PN/A process, the optimization approaches such as the adoption of biofilm, granular sludge, or biofilm-activated sludge composite systems, as well as the exogenous addition of chemical substances and physical fields, were discussed to enhance the biomass retention of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB), improve AnAOB activity, and shorten the process startup time. Then, by jointly regulating key environmental factors and sludge retention time(SRT), along with reducing influent organic concentration, the balance between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB) and AnAOB could be effectively maintained, while the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and heterotrophic bacteria(HB) were inhibited, which ensured the long-term stable operation of the integrated PN/A process. Finally, the future optimization directions were prospected,which were expected to provide reference and guidance for the further promotion and application of the integrated PN/A process.

Key words: partial nitritation, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, nitrogen removal, engineering application

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