工业水处理 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 119-126. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2025-0261

• 试验研究 • 上一篇    

甲醛降解复合菌群的构建、固定化及其处理甲醛废水的效能

杨宗政1,2,3(), 闫慧娟1, 王浪2, 严凡1, 吴志国1,2,3()   

  1. 1. 天津科技大学化工与材料学院,天津 300457
    2. 天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津 300457
    3. 天津市卤水化工与资源生态化利用重点实验室,天津 300457
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-18 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 吴志国
  • 作者简介:

    杨宗政(1974— ),博士,教授,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技计划项目(20YDTPJC01820)

Construction, immobilization, and formaldehyde wastewater treatment efficiency of composite microbial flora for formaldehyde degradation

Zongzheng YANG1,2,3(), Huijuan YAN1, Lang WANG2, Fan YAN1, Zhiguo WU1,2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    2. College of Marine and Environmental Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, Tianjin 300457, China
  • Received:2025-05-18 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-30
  • Contact: Zhiguo WU

摘要:

为高效去除废水中的甲醛,从活性污泥中分离出7株具有甲醛降解能力的菌株。依据菌株对甲醛的降解率筛选出4种甲醛降解能力较强的菌株,对其进行复配,并通过单因素试验考察了复合菌群的生物活性和对甲醛的降解特性,最后将复合菌群固定化并通过正交试验优化了固定化条件,探究了固定化复合菌群对甲醛的降解性能。结果表明:4种甲醛降解菌株的11种组合中对甲醛降解效果最好的是Q3(JZ1&JZ7),Q3复合菌群由细菌Achromobacter sp. JZ1和真菌Geotrichum sp. JZ7组成,当二者菌液体积比为3∶1时,甲醛降解率最高,可达到98.01%。固定化试验结果表明,固定化菌群的最佳制备条件为聚乙烯醇20 g/L、海藻酸钠60 g/L、氯化钙30 g/L、包菌量20%(体积分数)。在温度25~40 ℃,pH 5~8,NaCl质量浓度不大于40 g/L的条件下,固定化复合菌群对甲醛具有较好的降解效果,降解率均在80%以上。在最佳降解条件下循环使用20次,固定化复合菌群对200 mg/L甲醛仍保持90%以上的降解率,为该固定化复合菌群的实际应用提供数据支持。

关键词: 甲醛废水, 人工合成菌群, 生物降解, 固定化

Abstract:

For the efficient removal of formaldehyde from wastewater,seven strains with formaldehyde-degrading ability were isolated from activated sludge. Based on the degradation rate,four strains with superior performance were selected for reconstitution. The bioactivity and formaldehyde degradation characteristics of the composite microbial flora were investigated via single-factor tests. Finally, the immobilization conditions of the flora were optimized by the orthogonal tests, and the degradation performance was evaluated. The results indicated that among the 11 combinations of the four strains, Q3 (JZ1&JZ7) exhibited the best formaldehyde degradation with a rate of up to 98.01%. The Q3 consortium consisted of the bacterium Achromobacter sp. JZ1 and fungus Geotrichum sp. JZ7. When the volume ratio of the two strains was 3∶1, the formaldehyde degradation rate reached its highest value as 98.01%. Immobilization test revealed that the optimal immobilization conditions were as follows: Polyvinyl alcohol of 20 g/L, sodium alginate of 60 g/L, calcium chloride of 30 g/L, and encapsulated cell volume of 20%. Under conditions of temperature 25-40 ℃, pH 5-8, and NaCl mass concentration not exceeding 40 g/L, the immobilized beads consistently exhibited a formaldehyde degradation rate above 80%. Under optimal degradation conditions, the immobilized beads maintained a degradation rate of over 90% even after 20 cycles of degrading 200 mg/L formaldehyde,providing crucial data for the practical application.

Key words: formaldehyde wastewater, composite flora, biodegradation, immobilization

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