电纺纳米纤维光催化剂的制备及处理水中污染物的研究进展

doi:10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0812

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随工业废水排入水体的难降解污染物严重影响了生态环境，制约了可持续发展。光催化技术是一种去除水中难降解污染物的绿色有效措施。基于静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维光催化剂因其具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、稳定性好、易回收、易功能化等优点，近年来在去除环境污染物领域广受关注。总结了电纺纳米纤维光催化剂的设计及制备方法，探讨了其优缺点；阐述了电纺纳米纤维光催化剂在处理水中环境污染物中的最新研究进展，主要包括有机染料、酚类污染物、药品及个人护理品（PPCPs）、内分泌干扰物（EDCs）等有机污染物的光催化降解，六价铬等重金属的光催化还原以及在抗菌方面的应用。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 光催化, 纳米纤维, 有机污染物, 六价铬

Abstract:

The refractory pollutants discharged into water bodies along with industrial wastewater have severely impacted the ecological environment and constrained sustainable development. Photocatalytic technology represents a green and effective measure to remove refractory pollutants from water. Nanofiber photocatalysts prepared by electrospinning technology have received extensive attention in the field of environmental pollutant removal in recent years due to their large specific surface area,high porosity, good stability, easy recycling and functionalization. This paper summarizes and discusses the design and preparation of electrospun nanofiber photocatalysts, it also describes the latest research progress of electrospun nanofiber photocatalysts in the treatment of environmental pollutants in water,which mainly includes the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants such as organic dyes, phenolic pollutants,pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs), and endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs), the photocatalytic reduction of heavy metals like hexavalent chromium, and their antibacterial applications.

Key words: electrospinning, photocatalysis, nanofibers, organic pollutants, hexavalent chromium

中图分类号:

X703

向婉婷, 孙蜜蜜, 何家慧, 魏心语, 罗平平, 周美梅. 电纺纳米纤维光催化剂的制备及处理水中污染物的研究进展[J]. 工业水处理, 2025, 45(8): 26-32.

Wanting XIANG, Mimi SUN, Jiahui HE, Xinyu WEI, Pingping LUO, Meimei ZHOU. Research progress on the photocatalytic treatment of pollutants in water using electrospun nanofibers[J]. Industrial Water Treatment, 2025, 45(8): 26-32.

https://www.iwt.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I8/26

图/表 1

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光催化剂纳米纤维	污染物	实验条件				光照时间/min	催化降解率/%	参考文献
光催化剂纳米纤维	污染物	光照条件	催化剂投加量/mg	污染物体积/mL	污染物质量浓度或生物量	光照时间/min	催化降解率/%	参考文献
ZnO	罗丹明B（RhB）	20 W紫外灯	10	20	5 mg/L	150	100	〔6〕
Ag-COF/PU	亚甲基蓝（MB）、RhB	500 W氙灯	100	50	10 mg/L	150、180	100、95	〔31〕
MIL100/TNF	MB	500 W卤素灯	6	100	50 mg/L	150	99.4	〔32〕
SiO₂/Ga₂O₃	RhB和MB	氙灯	50	50	10 mg/L	30	95	〔33〕
ZnO/NiO	刚果红（CR）	氙灯	30	10	30 mg/L	45	99	〔34〕
PANI/TiO₂/PAN	甲基橙（MO）	LED灯	10	10	10 mg/L	60	90	〔35〕
Bi₂O₃/TiO₂	苯酚	氙灯	50	15	100 mg/L	120	44	〔36〕
CsPbBr₃/BiOI/TiO₂@PAN	四环素、苯酚、双酚A（BPA）	300 W氙灯	20	100	10 mg/L	100	97.7、62.5、95.2	〔10〕
BiOBr/g-C₃N₄@PAN	四环素	350 W氙灯	40	50	20 mg/L	120	69	〔11〕
Ta₃N₅/Bi₂MoO₆	对氯苯酚（4-CP）	氙灯	15	50	1.28 mg/L	120	94.7	〔37〕
WO₃/CdWO₄	环丙沙星、四环素	500 W氙灯	40	70	20、10 mg/L	90	93.4、81.6	〔38〕
La掺杂ZnO/PAN	除草剂	氙灯	30	1 000	10 mg/L	40	98	〔39〕
SF/ZnO	农药	自然光	25	100	0.1 mg/L	180	65~98	〔12〕
MWCNTs-Fe₃O₄@PES	Cr（Ⅵ）	125 W氙灯	20	50	20 mg/L	80	99	〔40〕
尼龙-6@UiO-66-NH₂	Cr（Ⅵ）	氙灯	50	100	10 mg/L	180	97	〔13〕
SrTiO₃/TiO₂	U（Ⅵ）	紫外光	10	30	100 mg/L	180	81	〔41〕
ZnO空心管	金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌	实验室照明	500		1×10⁷ CFU/mL	720	98.7、90.6	〔42〕
CeO₂/Ag-AgVO₃@玉米蛋白	金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌		4 cm×4 cm	0.1	5×10⁴ CFU/mL	240	93.06、73.67、98.28、98.76	〔43〕

光催化剂纳米纤维	污染物	实验条件				光照时间/min	催化降解率/%	参考文献
光催化剂纳米纤维	污染物	光照条件	催化剂投加量/mg	污染物体积/mL	污染物质量浓度或生物量	光照时间/min	催化降解率/%	参考文献
ZnO	罗丹明B（RhB）	20 W紫外灯	10	20	5 mg/L	150	100	〔6〕
Ag-COF/PU	亚甲基蓝（MB）、RhB	500 W氙灯	100	50	10 mg/L	150、180	100、95	〔31〕
MIL100/TNF	MB	500 W卤素灯	6	100	50 mg/L	150	99.4	〔32〕
SiO₂/Ga₂O₃	RhB和MB	氙灯	50	50	10 mg/L	30	95	〔33〕
ZnO/NiO	刚果红（CR）	氙灯	30	10	30 mg/L	45	99	〔34〕
PANI/TiO₂/PAN	甲基橙（MO）	LED灯	10	10	10 mg/L	60	90	〔35〕
Bi₂O₃/TiO₂	苯酚	氙灯	50	15	100 mg/L	120	44	〔36〕
CsPbBr₃/BiOI/TiO₂@PAN	四环素、苯酚、双酚A（BPA）	300 W氙灯	20	100	10 mg/L	100	97.7、62.5、95.2	〔10〕
BiOBr/g-C₃N₄@PAN	四环素	350 W氙灯	40	50	20 mg/L	120	69	〔11〕
Ta₃N₅/Bi₂MoO₆	对氯苯酚（4-CP）	氙灯	15	50	1.28 mg/L	120	94.7	〔37〕
WO₃/CdWO₄	环丙沙星、四环素	500 W氙灯	40	70	20、10 mg/L	90	93.4、81.6	〔38〕
La掺杂ZnO/PAN	除草剂	氙灯	30	1 000	10 mg/L	40	98	〔39〕
SF/ZnO	农药	自然光	25	100	0.1 mg/L	180	65~98	〔12〕
MWCNTs-Fe₃O₄@PES	Cr（Ⅵ）	125 W氙灯	20	50	20 mg/L	80	99	〔40〕
尼龙-6@UiO-66-NH₂	Cr（Ⅵ）	氙灯	50	100	10 mg/L	180	97	〔13〕
SrTiO₃/TiO₂	U（Ⅵ）	紫外光	10	30	100 mg/L	180	81	〔41〕
ZnO空心管	金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌	实验室照明	500		1×10⁷ CFU/mL	720	98.7、90.6	〔42〕
CeO₂/Ag-AgVO₃@玉米蛋白	金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌		4 cm×4 cm	0.1	5×10⁴ CFU/mL	240	93.06、73.67、98.28、98.76	〔43〕

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