摘要：

采用两级沸石曝气生物滤池（ZBAF）-厌氧氨氧化（ANAMMOX）组合工艺处理玉米淀粉发酵废水厌氧处理后的出水，探究ZBAF亚硝化特性及组合工艺的脱氮性能。结果表明，在进水NH₄ ⁺-N和COD分别为500~1 200 mg/L和300~500 mg/L的条件下，一级ZBAF处理后废水平均COD降至151.5 mg/L，COD去除率为62.1%；在二级ZBAF中通过沸石的吸附与解吸作用，反应器能维持较高游离氨（FA）水平，由此保证了较高的氨氧化菌（AOB）活性且有效抑制了亚硝酸盐氧化菌（NOB）的活性，NO₂ ^--N积累率（NAR）稳定高于97%，NO₂ ^--N产率（NPR）最高达0.73 kg/（m³·d），出水NO₂ ^--N与NH₄ ⁺-N质量比为1.03~1.27，实现了部分亚硝化，为后续ANAMMOX反应供应了合适基质比例的进水；ANAMMOX反应器处理后出水NH₄ ⁺-N、TN、COD平均分别为31.3、97.9、36.7 mg/L，最高TN去除负荷（NRR）达1.54 kg/（m³·d），实现了高效脱氮，经分析可知反应器内同时发生了厌氧氨氧化和异养反硝化反应。高通量测序分析表明，组合工艺中不同装置内的主要功能微生物群落具有显著变化，好氧异养菌（Rubellimicrobium和Stenotrophomonas）、AOB（Nitrosomonas）、厌氧氨氧化菌（Candidatus Kuenenia和Candidatus Brocadia）分别为一级ZBAF、二级ZBAF和ANAMMOX反应器中的优势菌属，且ANAMMOX反应器同时存在反硝化菌属Paracoccus和Denitratisoma，进一步印证了组合工艺的高效脱氮性能。

关键词: 玉米淀粉发酵废水, 生物脱氮, 沸石, 部分亚硝化, 厌氧氨氧化

Abstract:

A combined process of two-stage zeolite biological aerated filter(ZBAF) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX) was applied to treat the anaerobic effluent of corn starch fermentation wastewater. The characteristics of partial nitritation of ZBAF and nitrogen removal performance of combined process were investigated. The results showed that under the conditions of influent NH₄ ⁺-N of 500-1 200 mg/L and COD of 300-500 mg/L, the average COD of wastewater after the first-stage ZBAF treatment was reduced to 151.5 mg/L,and the COD removal rate reached 62.1%. Through the adsorption and desorption of zeolite in the second-stage ZBAF, the reactor could maintain a high activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB) and effectively inhibition on nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB) by free ammonia(FA). The second-stage ZBAF could achieve partial nitritation, with the nitrite accumulation rate(NAR) of above 97% stably, the maximum nitrite production rate(NPR) of 0.73 kg/(m³·d), and the effluent NO₂ ^--N to NH₄ ⁺-N ratio of 1.03-1.27, which supplied appropriate matrix ratio for the subsequent ANAMMOX reaction. The average effluent NH₄ ⁺-N, TN, and COD were 31.3, 97.9 mg/L, and 36.7 mg/L, respectively,and the highest TN removal rate(NRR) reached 1.54 kg/(m³·d), which indicated that anaerobic ammonia oxidation and heterotrophic occurred simultaneously and higher nitrogen removal could be achieved in the ANAMMOX reactor. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that significant microbial community variations occurred in different devices. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria(Rubellimicrobium and Stenotrophomonas), AOB(Nitrosomonas) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia) were dominant bacteria in the first-stage ZBAF, second-stage ZBAF and ANAMMOX reactor, respectively, and denitrifiers(Paracoccus and Denitratisoma) existed in the ANAMMOX reactor simultaneously, which further confirmed the high-efficiency nitrogen removal of the combined process.

Key words: corn starch fermentation wastewater, biological nitrogen removal, zeolite, partial nitritation, anaerobic ammonia oxidation

中图分类号: 

• X52