工业水处理 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 46-60. doi: 10.19965/j.cnki.iwt.2024-0592

• 石油石化行业废水处理专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

炼化企业停工大检修污水混凝-碱催化臭氧氧化预处理实验研究

陈霖1(), 杨百玉1, 翁艺斌2, 张鑫倩1,3, 詹亚力1, 陈春茂1(), 王庆宏1   

  1. 1. 中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京 102249
    2. 中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京 102200
    3. 北京市城市排水监测总站有限公司,北京 100012
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-19
  • 通讯作者: 陈春茂
  • 作者简介:

    陈霖(1997— ),在读博士,E-mail:

Experimental study on coagulation-alkali catalyzed ozonation pretreatment of shutdown overhaul wastewater from petrochemical industries

Lin CHEN1(), Baiyu YANG1, Yibin WENG2, Xinqian ZHANG1,3, Yali ZHAN1, Chunmao CHEN1(), Qinghong WANG1   

  1. 1. College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    2. China Petroleum Group Safety and Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 102200, China
    3. Beijing Urban Drainage Monitoring Center Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100012, China
  • Received:2025-03-05 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-19
  • Contact: Chunmao CHEN

摘要:

炼化企业停工大检修期间部分装置和设备以化学清洗作业为主,会无组织排放大量的清洗污水(CCW),CCW有机负荷高、生物毒性强且处理难度大,严重影响了大检修期间污水处理系统的正常运行。针对该问题,利用混凝工艺去除CCW中高浓度的悬浮态和胶体态污染物,之后利用碱催化臭氧氧化工艺去除残留的溶解性有机污染物(DOPs)。研究表明,该混凝-碱催化臭氧氧化预处理工艺对COD、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、油类、色度和浊度的去除率分别高达80.5%、60.6%、94.1%、97.5%和99.7%;预处理后芳香性污染物的共轭体系被破坏,不饱和度和芳香度降低,并促进了醇醚类向醛、羧酸类的转化;弱极性DOPs中烃类被完全去除,醇类和醛酮类污染物数量有所下降,有机酸类占比(9.2%)有所上升,但仍然以醇醚类的占比(74.1%)为最高;预处理过程中极性DOPs的化学转化程度较高,共识别出2 094种前体-产物对,最主要的反应类型是加氧反应,与其相关的前体-产物对数量达到1 454对(69.4%),所有类型化合物中O x S1~2类分子发生的转化反应最多,相关的前体-产物对数量最大(1 474对);预处理后水体急性生物毒性和活性污泥耗氧速率抑制率均大幅下降,B/C由0.28提升至0.58,可生化性得到极大改善。总体而言,混凝-碱催化臭氧氧化预处理能够大幅度削减CCW的有机负荷和急性生物毒性,并实现其可生化性的显著提升,为炼化企业大检修期间综合污水处理厂的平稳运行提供了保障。

关键词: 炼化企业, 大检修污水, 混凝, 碱催化臭氧氧化, 预处理

Abstract:

During the shutdown overhaul period of petrochemical industries, some devices and equipment are mainly subjected to chemical cleaning operations, which will discharge a large amount of chemical cleaning wastewater(CCW). CCW has high organic load, strong biological toxicity, and treatment difficulty, which seriously affects the normal operation of the wastewater treatment system during the shutdown overhaul period. In response to this issue, this study used coagulation technology to remove suspended and colloidal pollutants with high concentration in CCW, followed by alkali-catalyzed ozonation technology to remove residual dissolved organic pollutants(DOPs). The results showed that the coagulation-alkali-catalyzed ozonation pretreatment process had removal rates of up to 80.5%, 60.6%, 94.1%, 97.5%, and 99.7% for COD, dissolved organic carbon(DOC), oils, chromaticity, and turbidity, respectively. The conjugated system of aromatic pollutants was destroyed after pretreatment, the unsaturation and aromaticity were reduced, and the conversion of alcohol ethers to aldehydes and carboxylic acids was promoted. Hydrocarbons were completely removed, and the amount of alcohol and aldehyde ketone pollutants decreased in weakly polar DOPs. The proportion of organic acids (9.2%) increased, while the proportion of alcohol ethers (74.1%) remained the highest. During the pretreatment process, the chemical conversion degree of polar DOPs was high, and 2 094 precursor-product pairs were identified. The most important reaction type was oxygenation reaction, and the number of precursor-product pairs related to it reached 1 454 (69.4%). The conversion reactions of O x S1-2 occurred most frequently among all types of compounds, and the number of precursor-product pairs related to them was the highest (1 474). After pretreatment, the acute biotoxicity of the water body and the inhibition rate of oxygen consumption rate of activated sludge were significantly reduced, and the B/C increased from 0.28 to 0.58, greatly improving the biodegradability. Overall, coagulation-alkaline catalytic ozonation pretreatment could significantly reduce the organic load and acute biological toxicity of CCW, and achieved a significant improvement in its biodegradability, which was used to ensure the stable operation of comprehensive sewage treatment plants during major overhaul periods in refining enterprises.

Key words: petrochemical refineries, overhaul wastewaters, coagulation, alkali-catalyzed ozonation, pretreatment

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